Effective Methodology for Backpressure Prediction of Hot Exhaust Gas in Cold Flow Bench Test

The numerical methodology is developed to estimate the backpressure value acquired from the cold flow bench into the hot flow conditions by equalizing various gas flow properties such as gas density and gas constant. The exhaust muffler geometry is adopted for virtual analysis. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) modeling of the exhaust muffler in hot and cold flow conditions shows 60% of difference in back pressure values. The same muffler sample is tested in hot and cold flow test bench for back pressure on same measurement location used in CFD tool, the test result difference between these two conditions is obtained as 61%. By using derived 1D calculation, the cold flow back pressure results are extrapolated to generate hot flow back pressure values for the exhaust muffler system. These extrapolated values are then validated with the back pressure analysis results performed in both CFD and flow test bench using cold and hot flow conditions. The difference of back pressure gap between the cold and hot flow results are reduced to 5% and 4% respectively. The paper will discuss in detail the experimental procedures, data acquisition and data handling that were followed.