Effect of Fuel and Driving Conditions on Pollutant Emissions from a Diesel Vehicle – A Simulation Study

2023-01-0186

04/11/2023

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Event
WCX SAE World Congress Experience
Authors Abstract
Content
Pollutant emissions from vehicles depend on both fuel and driving conditions. This work investigates the impact of using a 20% (V/V) biodiesel blend (B20) on the CO2, NOx, and particle number emissions of a light-duty diesel vehicle, using GT-Suite® software. Combustion parameters and emissions were experimentally measured in a Cummins ISF 2.8 L diesel engine and used as inputs for the model. Vehicle simulations using ULSD and B20 were performed for the standard WLTC driving cycle as well as driving cycles representative of Andean cities, that include steep road slopes and heavy traffic. Additionally, simulations considered three gear-shifting strategies, one based on dynamic gear selection and two on imposed-speed thresholds for each gear shift.
Results show that using B20 decreased the particle number emissions in 11.4% for the WLTC driving cycle but increased them in 10.5% and 18.5% for the Andean I and II cycles, respectively. Meanwhile, fuel change increased CO2 emissions in 2.8–7.3% for the tested driving cycles, and NOx emissions were slightly decreased between 1–6% in the studied cases. Higher emission factors for all pollutants were found with the Andean driving cycles when compared to WLTC, increasing up to 159% in the scenario that included road slope. Regarding gear-shifting strategies, differences in fuel consumption and CO2 emissions were within 3% in all cases. Imposed-speed strategy NEDC led to the lowest PN emissions in WLTC and Andean I cycles, while the Dynamic strategy led to the lowest PN in Andean II cycle with and without slope. NBR appears to attain the lowest NOx and highest PN emissions (only B20 could be simulated with this strategy), while the dynamic strategy led to the highest NOx emissions.
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DOI
https://doi.org/10.4271/2023-01-0186
Pages
9
Citation
Cuaical, V., Dominguez, S., Valencia, A., Ramírez, R. et al., "Effect of Fuel and Driving Conditions on Pollutant Emissions from a Diesel Vehicle – A Simulation Study," SAE Technical Paper 2023-01-0186, 2023, https://doi.org/10.4271/2023-01-0186.
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Publisher
Published
Apr 11, 2023
Product Code
2023-01-0186
Content Type
Technical Paper
Language
English