Effect of Calcium Oxide Nano Fluid Additive on Diesel Engine Characteristics Fuelled with Ternary Blend

Biodiesel was found to be a promising alternative source to diesel fuel for which the engine characteristics can be improved by means of Nano additives. The present work deals with the effect of calcium oxide Nano fluid on the performance, emission and combustion characteristics of diesel engine fuelled with ternary blends comprising of Calophyllum, Neem biodiesel and diesel fuel. Calcium oxide was synthesized by means of calcination process from Mactra Corallina sea shell which imparts novelty to the present work. The calcium oxide was converted into Nano particles by means of ball milling and dispersed in distilled water using ultra-sonication to form Nano fluids. The stability of Nano fluid was found to be effective at 100 ppm. Blend selected for the study has the proportion of 95 % biodiesel (B20), 3 % Nano fluid and 2 % Tween 20 surfactant labelled as B20 + NF. Results show that addition of Nano fluid to biodiesel increased Brake Thermal Efficiency up to 38.91 % and reduced Brake Specific Fuel Consumption up to 35 %. Also, HC, CO, NOx and smoke emissions reduced up to 36.36 %, 33.33 %, 49.35 % and 25.13 % with the addition of calcium oxide Nano fluid. The in cylinder pressure and heat release rate increased for biodiesel and its Nano additive when compared to diesel fuel.