Development of Three-Dimensional Laser Machining Techniques

Laser machining is an effective material removal process for types of materials which are difficult to machine mechanically, such as hardened alloys, ceramics, and composites. Since laser machining is a thermal process, its effectiveness depends on the thermal rather than the mechanical properties of a material. This paper discusses a concept for performing three-dimensional (3-D) laser machining using two laser beams. This concept aims at improving the material removal rate and energy efficiency of laser machining. Furthermore, the kinematic aspects of 3-D laser machining are discussed. Results for 3-D laser machining of metals, ceramics and composites are presented and compared with conventional machining methods.