Development of Battery Management System for Hybrid Electric Two Wheeler

The use of Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEV) will become imperative to meet the emission challenges. HEV have two power sources-fossil fuels driven I.C. Engine and the battery based drive. Battery technologies have seen a tremendous development, and therefore HEV’s have been benefited. Even as the battery capacities have improved, maintaining and monitoring their health has been a challenge. This research paper uses open-source platform to build a BMS. The flexibility in the implementation of the system has helped in the rapid prototyping of the system. The BMS system was evaluated on a scaled-down electric toy car for its performance and sustainability. The BMS was evaluated for reverse polarity, protection against overcharge, short-circuit, deep discharge and overload on lead acid battery. It also includes temperature monitoring of the batteries. This proposed system is evaluated on the in-house HEV two-wheeler. The initial results are promising. A dedicated android smartphone application is developed for BMS which continuously monitors battery voltage, current, battery temperature, battery state of charge (SOC) and battery health. The system measures current, voltage and temperature accurately up to 1.5%, 1% and ±0.5 °C respectively. The result of state of charge given by BMS at particular voltage is in agreement with the standards of Battery Council International with maximum error of 0.5%.