Development of a Cost-Effective DCU for Diesel Emission Control: Design, Diagnostics, and Compliance

An essential aspect of contemporary emission control technology, especially in diesel engines with Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) systems, is the Doser Control Unit (DCU) for exhaust systems. Its main purpose is to accurately regulate the injection of urea or diesel exhaust fluid (DEF) into the exhaust stream to lower harmful emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOₓ) to meet CPCB4+ emissions. The Doser Control Unit architecture, operation, significance of analytical / experimental study and originality of contribution are described in this abstract. The ECU can determine and administer the exact dosage rate needed under various operating conditions since it gets real-time data from engine and exhaust sensors, such as exhaust temperature, NOₓ levels, and engine load. The DCU activates the Adblue pump in response to the ECU's dosage request, which is determined by the parameters listed above. In addition to having a solenoid actuator for quick dosing responses, the system has features of diagnostics capabilities to detect blockages, leaks, or malfunctioning or broken parts including short to ground and short to battery. The engine ECU acts as the master in the proposed system, while the Doser Control Unit operates in slave mode. The proposed controller is less expensive and has simpler hardware and software architecture than the existing controller in the market. For diagnostic purposes, the DCU controller integrated OBD standard and UDS communication in addition to the dosing technique. a crucial part in lowering vehicle emissions and fulfilling stringent environmental standards. Its incorporation with cutting-edge sensing and control technology guarantees accurate dosage, improving internal combustion engines' SCR efficiency, fuel economy, and overall sustainability. The DCU is positioned as a key technology in the shift to cleaner and more effective transportation options thanks to ongoing advancements in dosing techniques and system diagnostics that enhance performance and dependability. According to simulation and test bench results, the proposed and implemented DCU controller meets the international emission and OBD standards.