In view of the large volume and weight of the tires of mining dump trucks and the difficulty in replacing them, a large tire replacement robot is proposed based on the tire parameters and the tire replacement process. The overall research scheme for the robot was developed using the functional analysis method, and the functional element solution and combination were completed. Based on the best solution obtained, a three-dimensional model of the tire changing robot was established using the SolidWorks software, followed by control system design and workflow analysis. To investigate the robot's operational kinematics, a simulation was conducted in the SolidWorks Motion module. The motion curve of the flipping platform during its operational state was obtained. A finite element simulation of the robot's front support beam was performed using ANSYS Workbench to obtain its stress and deformation contours under both no-load and heavy-load conditions. The structural parameters of the front support beam were optimized, focusing on its mechanical characteristics under heavy-load conditions, and the response surfaces of different parameters were obtained. The optimization yielded a 9.599 kg reduction in the mass of the front support beam. The maximum stress of the grasping mechanism under static simulation analysis is 50.617 MPa, with the maximum deformation of 0.4221 mm occurring at the end of the mechanical hand. Ground contact simulation for the robot's walking tires was conducted with Abaqus. Employing the Mooney-Rivlin hyperelastic model, this study investigated the mechanical response of the tire to static and dynamic loading, leading to the identification of the optimal operational load. The simulation results show that there is no interference among the various mechanisms of the large tire changing robot during operation. It can quickly complete the tire installation and removal tasks with precise control, and its strength and rigidity meet the requirements. This verifies the rationality and feasibility of the robot. The research on the large tire changing robot can provide a new approach for the maintenance of large transport vehicles such as mining dump trucks.