Design and Development of a Morphing-Fin Hybrid Rocket-Powered Loitering Interceptor Drone for Surface-to-Air Missile Applications

This project aims to develop a novel loitering interceptor drone that combines the high-speed launch capabilities of a surface-to-air missile (SAM) with the maneuvering and persistence of a drone. The system will utilize a solid-propellant rocket booster to rapidly ascend and reach operational altitude. Upon reaching a designated threshold, the system will activate a morphing-fin mechanism, in which the missile’s stabilizing fins will dynamically reconfigure into a drone-like control surface system. This transformation is intended to enable the vehicle to switch from missile mode to a loitering drone mode, with the ability to hover, patrol, and track aerial threats over extended durations. The proposed interceptor will be equipped with autonomous navigation and decision-making modules, leveraging radar-based target detection, IFF (Identification Friend or Foe) logic, and path-prediction algorithms. Simulations will be developed using MATLAB/Simulink, where radar sweep behaviour, morphing fin dynamics, and target-neutralization logic will be modelled. The loitering phase may incorporate electric propulsion or cold-gas control mechanisms, enhancing flight control after the boost phase. This hybrid morphing missile-drone concept is intended to bridge the gap between conventional SAMs and UAV-based interceptors by enabling precision engagement, mid-air reassessment, and adaptive control in complex or cluttered airspaces. The project is particularly relevant for emerging defence needs involving swarm threats, urban aerial defence, and GPS-denied environments.