A collision avoidance system is an advanced driver assistance system (ADAS)
designed to prevent vehicle collisions. The existing system is designed
primarily to detect and prevent collisions with humans, vehicles, or other
objects on the road, but not specifically designed to address collisions
involving animals. When it comes to animals, the collision avoidance rate is
low, which is due to low animal detection accuracy, high false
positives/negatives and unsuitable methods of mitigating collisions, hence, an
enhancement of the system is required. Humans are warned off the road during the
approach of a vehicle through the horn sound. In ADAS systems, the vehicle stops
as the human behavior is quite predictable on sight or approach of a speeding
vehicle, but this is ineffective on animals. Not all animals can hear the honk
due to their different hearing ranges, and the unpredictability of their
behaviors makes it impossible to predict their next move to avoid an accident;
this leads ultimately to a collision even when equipped with the most advanced
collision avoidance systems.
There needs to be a more preventive approach to keep the animals that are likely
to collide, off the road. It can be done with enhancement of the collision
avoidance system. The animal collision avoidance system (ACAS) uses ADAS sensor
suite and GPS inputs to detect and predict the behavior of an approaching
animal. Further, the ACAS calculates the likelihood of collision and reacts
accordingly to warn off the animal either through a threat warning in its
hearing range or by adapting the vehicle to not collide with the animal.