Construction of 3D Skeletal Model for Pronation and Supination of the Forearm

The purpose of this study is to construct a 3D skeletal model consisting of ulna and radius of human forearm in order to develop a digital human model with real forearm structure and simulate the 3D movements of pronation and supination of the forearm. To analyze in-vivo 3D kinematics of the forearm rotation, helical CT-data were acquired from three male subjects in four rotational positions of the right forearm, i.e. maximal pronation, 45° pronation, neutral, and maximal supination. This procedure was repeated in each case of extension and flexion of the arm. Based on the CT-data a 3D graphical model of the forearm consisting of the ulna and radius was constructed to simulate the torsional movements of the forearm.