Common Rail Fuel Injection System for Improvement of Engine Performance on Heavy Duty Diesel Engine

With the intention of improving engine performance and emissions, the authors examined the influence of the method of initial fuel injection quantity reduction and of the injector configuration of a common rail fuel injection system on engine performance and exhaust emissions. Results showed that decreasing the nozzle hole diameter was an effective way to reduce the initial injection quantity without increasing black smoke. Compared to a three-way type injector, it was found that a two-way type injector can greatly reduce the amount of fuel leakage from the electromagnetic injector control valve and fuel consumption could be further improved by reduction of the driving loss. Furthermore, the increase of driving losses with higher injection pressure was small, and as a result, higher pressure injection was possible. With the two-way type injector, fuel injection pressure was raised and the nozzle hole diameter was reduced as much as possible, so that reduction of exhaust emissions and improvement of performance in the partial load region was possible without degrading high load or high speed performance.