With the increase in vehicle population, the environmental problems caused by
excessive carbon emissions from vehicles are becoming increasingly serious.
Currently, China is actively promoting the development of electric vehicles to
reduce carbon emissions. However, the electricity used by electric vehicles is a
secondary energy source, and thermal power generation still dominates China's
current power structure, so electric vehicles will indirectly contribute to
carbon emissions during use. Calculating and analysing the carbon emissions of
fuel vehicles and electric vehicles will give a better idea of the environmental
advantages of electric vehicles. In this paper, the World Light Vehicle Test
Cycle (WLTC) are selected, and the energy consumption is calculated by the
energy consumption formula of fuel and electric vehicles under different
conditions, and the carbon emission is obtained by the carbon emission
coefficients of gasoline and electric energy. Through MATLAB calculation, the
carbon emission of the fuel vehicle under one WLTC cycle is 0.146kg in the
uniform speed condition, 2.529kg in the constant acceleration condition, 0.444kg
in the deceleration condition, 0.137kg in the idling stop condition, in the
whole WLTC condition is 3.256kg. The carbon emission of the electric vehicle is
0.144kg in the uniform speed driving condition,2.31kg in the constant
acceleration driving condition, 667.75W·h of electric energy recovered in the
deceleration condition, and 2.057kg in the whole WLTC cycle. the results show
that the electric vehicle is more environmentally friendly than the fuel
vehicle.