Cabin Thermal Management Analysis using Alternative refrigerants through 1D Simulation model

At present, all the major Automobile industries are working on sustainability to reduce environmental degradation, conserve resources, and promote the health of ecosystems. As a result, these industries are transitioning to refrigerants with lower Global Warming Potential (GWP) .With growing concerns over climate change, R134a's high Global Warming Potential (GWP of 1400) presents a major environmental challenge. R1234yf, with its substantially lower GWP, presents a more sustainable alternative that aligns with stricter global regulations. This shift not only helps mitigate climate impact but also demonstrates the automotive industry’s commitment to adopting greener technologies. Refrigerant properties like Latent heat, density, Thermal conductivity, e.t.c changes with respect to refrigerants hence cabin thermal management will be affected. In this paper, we will discuss the system level comparison of R134a and R1234yf by developing 1D simulation model. This paper will focus on 1D simulation analysis for different refrigerants and its impact on cabin cool down curve , compressor power consumption. Detailed analysis on modification required on condenser , TXV and Evaporator sizing for getting same cabin cool down curve will be discussed. By proper system recalibration, how R1234yf can provide an effective and environmental friendly refrigerant without compromising passenger comfort or system performance will be discussed. This 1D simulation model enables the prediction of system-level performance, thereby reducing the need for extensive physical experimentation thus reducing lead times and substantial costs.