Biaxial Experimental Approach to Characterize Formability of Steel Sheet Metals

The paper presents two biaxial experimental strategies for describing the complex material behaviour of sheet metals. Experiments with wedge-shaped specimens subjected to tensile and compression stresses equivalent to deep-drawing conditions, and the biaxial tensile test with cruciform specimens, are used to emulate the two important cases of deep drawing and stretch forming. Their advantages and disadvantages are described. Finally, an allocation of the mechanical properties and typical forming processes is shown.