Behaviour of the Safety Bumper System and Elements of Buses Under Static and Dynamic Loads

The lecture defines the requirements, set to the safety bumper system and outlines its structure and functions in the case of a head-on collision. It describes the correlation functions between the static and dynamic tests of square-section tubes under axial compression, and the experiments carried out with energy absorbing elements constructed of thin plates, tubes, and plastic foam. These tests proved that the energy absorbed by such elements lies in common order with the kinetic energy of buses, whereby a suitable safety level can be reached.