Automotive Collision Fires

Eight full-scale collision experiments were conducted and 73 collision fire case studies were investigated to provide data relating to fuel system failure modes and susceptibility of fuel system designs to collision fires. Data regarding impact speeds, nature of injuries, and climatic conditions are included. Results of extensive laboratory experiments provide specific ignition conditions for common fuels and define ignition hazards of exhaust systems and electrical and lighting circuitry.

The physics of crash fire atmospheres is described, including air quality, radiant and convective heat transfers, and the relationship between burn physiology and occupant escape time. Design concepts are suggested for limiting fuel spillages, ignition sources, and thermal stress to motorists.