An Automatic Assembly System for Digital Direct-Writing Light Source Lens Units

Addressing the challenge of high-precision control requirements for assembly force and displacement during the automatic assembly of digital direct-writing light source lens units, this paper proposes an automatic assembly system design based on impedance control. The system employs torque motors as actuators and achieves dynamic, precise regulation of assembly force and displacement through impedance control with force-displacement coupling. The simulation process consists of three parts: finite element simulation of the assembly system structure, finite element simulation of the assembly process, and MATLAB simulation of impedance control. The finite element simulation of the assembly system structure verifies structural strength and determines deformation values for assembly displacement compensation. A finite element simulation of the assembly process is utilized to investigate the coupling relationship between assembly force and displacement, yielding the coupled force-displacement curves during assembly and determining the theoretical maximum assembly force. The MATLAB simulation of impedance control analyzes parameter settings, including three parameters: theoretical mass, theoretical damping, and theoretical stiffness, in order to ensure the controlled output converges to theoretical values. The main innovation lies in incorporating theoretical maximum assembly force and displacement as impedance control inputs, enabling the force-displacement curve to converge to the theoretical curve, thereby improving assembly quality and precision. The experimental results demonstrate significant improvements in system stability, response speed, and assembly force control precision, effectively enhancing the assembly accuracy and overall efficiency of automated light source production lines. This research provides a viable solution for high-precision assembly of digital direct-writing light source lens units in intelligent manufacturing environments.