Transporting large steel materials for mountain electric towers is challenging due to steep gradients, narrow roadways, and uneven terrain. To address these issues, this study designs an adaptive attitude adjustment mountain transport vehicle. This mountain transport vehicle has a compact structure, measuring 1.4 meters in length and 1.1 meters in width, which enhances its suitability for confined mountainous environments. This vehicle adopts a design scheme that combines hydraulic lateral adjustment, load-bearing platform follow-up adjustment and frame adaptive adjustment mechanisms. The transportation of tower materials, measuring 12 meters in length and 1.2 tons in weight, is accomplished by employing two vehicles working in coordination. The three-dimensional model of the entire vehicle is established by using SolidWorks software. The lateral stability of the mountain vehicle and the limit working conditions of its adjustment mechanism are analyzed through theoretical calculation. The dynamic simulation of the virtual prototype is carried out using Adams software, including the processes of lateral leveling, follow-up adjustment and frame adjustment. The results show that the leveling mechanism can achieve an adjustment range of more than ±25°. The results confirm the vehicle’s excellent stability and adaptability to mountainous conditions. This study provides a more effective and more reliable solution for the construction of mountain electric towers than traditional manual or animal-powered transportation methods.