Multimodal sensors, capable of simultaneously acquiring multiple physical or
chemical signals, have shown broad application potential in fields such as
health monitoring, soft robotics, and energy systems. However, current
multimodal sensors often suffer from complex fabrication processes and signal
decoupling challenges, which limit their practical deployment. To address these
issues, this work presents a thin-film temperature–strain multimodal sensor
(FTSMS) fabricated via laser processing. The temperature-sensing unit, based on
the Seebeck effect, achieves a sensitivity of 9.08 μV/°C, while the
strain-sensing unit, utilizing BaTiO₃/AlN@PDMS as the sensitive layer, exhibits
a gauge factor (GF) of 43.2. By integrating distinct sensing mechanisms
(thermovoltage for temperature and capacitance change for strain), the FTSMS
enables self-decoupled measurements over 20–90 °C. Applied in LIB monitoring, it
successfully captures real-time temperature and strain variations during
charge-discharge cycles and provides multidimensional information throughout
thermal runaway (TR) processes, enabling early TR warning and supporting
safety-oriented battery design.