As the demands for air travel and air cargo continue to grow, airport surface
operations are becoming increasingly congested, elevating the operational risks
for all entities. Conventional measurement methods in airport traffic scenarios
are limited by high temporal and spatial costs, uncontrollable variables, and
their inabilities to account for low-probability events. Moreover, current
simulation software for airport operations exhibits weak simulation capabilities
and poor interactivity. To address these issues, this study developed a virtual
reality traffic simulation platform for airport surface operations. The platform
integrated 3D modeling technologies, including Blender and Unity, with the
Photon Fusion multiplayer platform and Simulation of Urban Mobility (SUMO)
traffic simulation software. By incorporating Logitech external devices, the
platform enabled real-time human-driven simulations, multiplayer online
interactions, and validation of airport traffic flow models. To enhance
practical applicability of the platform, a scenario library for
vehicle-aircraft-taxiway coordinated operations was designed based on historical
data. A stated preference survey was distributed to aviation experts, evaluating
scenario risk ratings and occurrence frequencies. Principal component analysis
and rank sum ratio were applied to identify key scenarios, which were embedded
into the platform. The results of this study simulate the interaction among
vehicles, aircraft, and airport taxiways, providing a scenario-driven control
strategy verification platform and real-time interactive driving decision
support. This approach contributes to the digital transformation of airport
surface management, enhancing operational efficiency and safety.