A Nature-Inspired Optimization Approach for Vienna Rectifier Control in EV Fast Charging Applications: Performance Comparison with NPC and Swiss Topologies

The growing adoption of electric vehicles (EVs), particularly those utilizing High Voltage battery systems, demands fast-charging infrastructure that ensures high efficiency and power quality. This study proposes a Golden Jackal Optimization (GJO)-based control strategy for a Vienna rectifier used exclusively in a High Voltage EV fast-charging system. Unlike conventional systems that incorporate an additional DC-DC converter stage, the proposed architecture utilizes only the Vienna rectifier for AC-DC conversion, thereby reducing system complexity and improving overall reliability. The GJO algorithm, inspired by the cooperative hunting behavior of golden jackals, is employed to optimize the switching control parameters of the Vienna rectifier, enhancing system performance in terms of efficiency, power factor correction (PFC), and total harmonic distortion (THD). A detailed comparative analysis is performed between the Vienna rectifier, Swiss rectifier, and Neutral-Point Clamped (NPC) converter topologies under identical operating conditions. Simulation results demonstrate that the GJO-optimized Vienna rectifier achieves superior performance, with THD reduced to below 2% and efficiency exceeding 98.5%, outperforming both the Swiss and NPC converters. This work highlights the potential of nature-inspired optimization in improving single-stage rectifier systems for cost-effective and efficient EV fast-charging applications.