A Multivariable Function Based Optimised Charging Algorithm for Electric Vehicle Battery Management Systems

Conventional Constant Current- Constant voltage (CC-CV) based charging techniques initially consist of Constant Current (CC) phase for quick charging of the battery till it reaches the safety voltage limit wherein the Constant Voltage (CV) phase starts. Then the CV phase of the charging ensures safe charging of the battery till it is fully charged but it takes comparatively a long duration of time to the amount of charge pumped into the battery. Adoption of efficient charging algorithms are crucial for optimising the charging time, reducing the range anxiety and improving the long-term health of electric vehicle (EV) batteries. This paper proposes an innovative charging algorithm that optimises the transition from Constant Current (CC) to Constant Voltage (CV) charging stages utilising a multivariable function based on the real-time data of State-of-Charge (SoC), temperature, State-of-Health (SoH) and battery impedance parameters. By dynamically adjusting the charging parameters based on these key battery metrics, the algorithm aims to minimize charging time while preserving battery health. Through extensive simulations over the MATLAB/Simulink and experimental validation, the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated, resulting in significant improvements over traditional CC-CV charging methods. This State-of-Charge (SoC), temperature, State-of-Health (SoH) and battery impedance parameters based optimised charging algorithm offers a promising channel for enhancing the performance and longevity of EV batteries, ultimately contributing to the advancement of sustainable transportation solutions. Keywords: Constant Current (CC), Constant Voltage (CV), State of Health (SoH), battery impedance parameters.