A Fuel Injection System for D.I. Diesel Engines With All Components Integrated Into the Cylinder Head

The diesel engine for cars must not necessarily be equipped with an added fuel injection pump. Using the example of a 3 cylinder d.i. diesel engine with Elko combustion system and an output of 47 KW per liter displacement we describe the f.i.e. that is integrated with governors into the cylinder head. In this design the overhead camshaft has additional cams that actuate the pumping element in each cylinder. An important characteristic of this system is the timing advance device that is operated by a mechanical governor and requires minimal forces. The combination of two independent governors, one for the quantity of fuel injected and the other for the timing of the injection gives important new facilities to obtain the required injection characteristics with simple mechanical means and do without hydraulic or electronic device. As far as a diesel engine's performance is dependent on the fuel injection characteristics the integrated f.i.e. enables to obtain optimum engine power, fuel consumption, noise and emissions. Alternative fuels such as gasoline and vegetable oil do not cause lubricating problems as the f.i.e. is lubricated by engine oil. The simple and inexpensive assembly of the integrated f.i.e. grants the engine manufacturer independence from the limited possibilities of the few manufacturers of the very complicated fuel injection pumps. Engines with integrated f.i.e. can be used under many circumstances as they are compact and their fuel injection characteristics can be optimized according to the conditions of use