A Comprehensive Study on Integration of Safety Analysis with Technical Safety Concept to enhance the Product Safety

This manuscript explores the integration of Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) and Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) with Technical Safety Requirements (TSRs) to enhance the functional safety of complex systems, particularly in the automotive industry. Part 1 outlines the application of FMEA to identify potential failure modes within a system, its subsystems, and components, evaluating their severity, occurrence, and detection. The identified risks from FMEA are used to redefine TSRs, which dictate the necessary safety measures to mitigate these risks, such as redundancy, fail-safe mechanisms, and diagnostic systems. Part 2 describes the use of FTA to analyze system-level failures by tracing root causes and combinations of failures that could lead to hazardous events. The results of FTA provide further insights that refine the TSRs, ensuring the system’s safety requirements address both localized and complex risks. Part 3 demonstrates a case study that shows how the integration of FMEA and FTA with ISO 26262 safety standards leads to well-defined TSRs. These requirements guide the system design, testing, and validation processes, ensuring that the system meets the necessary safety goals. By combining both analysis techniques, the approach ensures that risks are thoroughly assessed, and the system is designed with the required safety integrity, ultimately leading to a reliable and safe system throughout its lifecycle.