1D Simulation Approach for Common Rail Injection Systems for a Marine 2 Stroke Diesel Engine

This study presents a comprehensive 1D simulation approach of an automotive solenoid-based diesel fuel injector and a common rail injection system for a marine engine using Simcenter AMESim. The injector model was developed to analyse the injection rate and total injected fuel at various solenoid actuation durations (1.2 ms and 2.0 ms) and common rail pressures. The experimental results from a well-established research study are used for validating the simulation results of the solenoid-based injector. The model demonstrates strong agreement at higher rail pressures (above 1000 bar) and solenoid actuation times. Building on this validated injector model, a detailed marine common rail system was developed incorporating key hydraulic components: a check valve to maintain pressure inside the rail, flow limiting valves to prevent overpressure in the fuel injector, and a combination pressure relief valve. The simulation was used to study rail pressure dynamics at full engine load for varying rail lengths, diameters, and injector flow rates. The experimental results for the common rail pressure test match closely with the simulated common rail pressure dynamics. Parametric studies revealed the sensitivity of rail pressure to geometric variations, which in turn influence injection characteristics. The developed model serves as a useful tool for assessing design changes in high-pressure injection systems and optimizing performance in marine engine applications.