This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
Towards a Quiet Vehicle Cabin Through Digitalization of HVAC Systems and Subsystems Aeroacoustics Testing and Design
Technical Paper
2019-01-1476
ISSN: 0148-7191, e-ISSN: 2688-3627
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Language:
English
Abstract
With the rise of electric autonomous vehicles, it has become clear that the cabin of tomorrow will drastically evolve to both improve ride experience and reduce energy consumption. In addition, autonomy will change the transportation paradigm, leading to a reinvention of the cabin seating layout which will offer the opportunity to climate systems team to design quiet and even more energy efficient systems.
Consequently, Heat and Ventilation Air Conditioning (HVAC) systems designers have to deliver products which perform acoustically better than before, but often with less development time. To success under such constraints, designers need access to methods providing both assessment of the system (or subsystems) acoustic performance, and identification of where the designs need to be improved to reduce noise levels. Such methods are often needed before a physical prototype is requested, and thus can only be achieved in a timely manner through digital testing. Previous studies have demonstrated the ability of a CFD/CAA approach based on the Lattice Boltzmann Method (LBM) to predict HVAC system noise including real and complex ducts, registers, mixing unit and blower geometries. This LBM low dissipative numerical approach has indeed been shown to accurately capture turbulent and convective mechanisms and to propagate acoustic waves in ducted systems and in free-field. Combined with a noise source identification strategy, these methods provide the ability to visualize the noise sources inside the system, as well as to identify and rank noise-generating design features - a unique design methodology not available with physical testing.
In this paper, such an approach is presented based on two HVAC systems layout, targeting two different vehicles. To answer the need for systems and subsystems predictions, simulation results are correlated to experiment for configurations with blower alone, blower + air intake, and for full HVAC system (blower + air intake + mixing unit). Finally, an in-depth analysis of the flow noise sources contributions to a microphone location is performed, and countermeasures are discussed.
Recommended Content
Authors
Topic
Citation
Vidal, V., Mann, A., Verriere, J., Kim, M. et al., "Towards a Quiet Vehicle Cabin Through Digitalization of HVAC Systems and Subsystems Aeroacoustics Testing and Design," SAE Technical Paper 2019-01-1476, 2019, https://doi.org/10.4271/2019-01-1476.Also In
References
- Le Goff , V. , Le Henaff , B. , Piellard , M. , Pihet , D. , and Coutty , B. Towards a Full Digital Approach for Aeroacoustics Evaluation of Automotive Engine Cooling Fans and HVAC Blowers Fan 2015 Lyon, France 2015
- Biermann , J. , Mann , A. , Neuhierl , B. , and Kim , M. Digital Aeroacoustics Design Method of Climate Systems for Improved Cabin Comfort SAE Technical Paper 2017-01-1787 2017 10.4271/2017-01-1787
- Jung , W. , Cha , Y. , Song , S. , Byun , S. et al. Direct Aeroacoustics Predictions of Automotive HVAC Systems Based on Lattice Boltzmann Method SAE Technical Paper 2018-01-1520 2018 10.4271/2018-01-1520
- Lee , D. , Pérot , F. , Ih , K. , and Freed , D. Prediction of Flow-Induced Noise of Automotive HVAC Systems SAE Technical Paper 2011-01-0493 2011 10.4271/2011-01-0493
- Pérot , F. , Meskine , M. , and Vergne , S. HVAC Noise Predictions Using a Lattice Boltzmann Method 19th AIAA/CEAS Aeroacoustics Conference Berlin, Germany 2013
- Aissaoui , A. , Tupake , R. , Bijwe , V. , Meskine , M. et al. Flow-Induced Noise Optimization of SUV HVAC System Using a Lattice Boltzmann Method [J] SAE Int. J. Passeng. Cars - Mech. Syst. 8 3 1053 1062 2015 10.4271/2015-01-2323
- Frisch , U. , Hasslacher , B. , and Pomeau , Y. Lattice-Gas Automata for the Navier-Stokes Equations Phys. Rev. Lett. 56 1505 1508 1986
- Chen , H. , Chen , S. , and Matthaeus , W. Recovery of the Navier-Stokes Equations Using a Lattice-Gas Boltzmann Method Phys. Rev. A 45 5339 5342 1992
- Chen , H. , Teixeira , C. , and Molvig , K. Digital Physics Approach to Computational Fluid Dynamics: Some Basic Theoretical Features [J] Intl. J. Mod. Phys. C 9 8 675 1997
- Chen , H. , Teixeira , C. , and Molvig , K. Realization of Fluid Boundary Conditions Via Discrete Boltzmann Dynamics [J] Intl J. Mod. Phys. C 9 8 1281 1292 1998
- Thantanapally , C. , Singh , S. , Succi , S. , and Ansumali , S. Quasi-Equilibrium Lattice Boltzmann Models with Tunable Prandtl Number for Incompressible Hydrodynamics [J] International Journal of Modern Physics C 24 12 1340004 2013
- Chen , H. Volumetric Formulation of the Lattice Boltzmann Method for Fluid Dynamics: Basic Concept [J] Phys. Rev. E 58 3955 3963 1998
- Shan , X. and Chen , H. A General Multiple-Relaxation-Time Boltzmann Collision Model [J] International Journal of Modern Physics C 18 635 2007
- Chen , H. , Goldhirsh , I. and Orszag , S. Discrete Rotational Symmetry, Moment Isotropy, and Higher Order Lattice Boltzmann Models [J] J. Sci. Computing, submitted 2007
- Bhatnagar , P. , Gross , E. , and Krook , M. A Model for Collision Processes in Gases. I. Small Amplitude Processes in Charged and Neutral One-Component System [J] Phys. Rev. 94 511 525 1954 1954
- Chapman , S. and Cowling , T. The Mathematical Theory of Non-Uniform Gases Cambridge University Press 1990
- Yakhot , V. Extended Boltzmann Kinetic Equation for Turbulent Flows [J] Science 301 633 636 2003
- Shan , X. and Chen , H. Lattice Boltzmann Model for Simulating Flows with Multiple Phases and Components [J] Phys. Rev. E 47 1815 1819 1993
- Li , Y. , Shock , R. , Zhang , R. , and Chen , H. Numerical Study of Flow Past an Impulsively Started Cylinder by Lattice Boltzmann Method [J] J. Fluid Mech. 519 273 300 2004
- Chen , H. , Kandasamy , S. , Orszag , S. , Shock , R. et al. Extended Boltzmann Kinetic Equation for Turbulent Flows [J] Science 301 633 636 2003
- Chen , H. , Orszag , S. , Staroselsky , I. , and Succi , S. Expanded Analogy between Boltzmann Kinetic Theory of Fluid and Turbulence [J] J. Fluid Mech. 519 307 314 2004
- Zhang , R. , Fan , H. , and Chen , H. A Lattice Boltzmann Approach for Solving Scalar Transport Equations [J] Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 369 1944 2264 2273 2011
- Gaylard , A. CFD Simulation of Side Glass Surface Noise Spectra for a Bluff SUV SAE Technical Paper 2006-01-0137 2006 10.4271/2006-01-0137
- Oettle , N. , Meskine , M. , Senthooran , S. , Bissell , A. et al. A Computational Approach to Assess Buffeting and Broadband Noise Generated by a Vehicle Sunroof SAE Int. J. Passeng. Cars - Mech. Syst 8 1 196 204 2015
- Hao , J. , Kotapati , R. B. , Pérot , F. , and Mann , A. Numerical Studies of Acoustic Diffraction by Rigid Bodies [M] 22th AIAA/CEAS Aeroacoustics Conference Lyon, France 2016
- Brès , G.A. , Pérot , F. , and Freed , D. Properties of the Lattice-Boltzmann Method for Acoustics [M] 13th AIAA/CEAS aeroacoustics conference Miami, FL 2009
- Keating , A. , Dethioux , P. , Satti , R. , Noelting , S. , Louis , J. , Van de Ven , T. , and Vieito , R. Computational Aeroacoustics Validation and Analysis of a Nose Landing Gear [M] 13th AIAA/CEAS aeroacoustics conference Miami, FL
- Mann , A. , Pérot , F. , Kim , M.S. , Casalino , D. , and Fares , E. Advanced Noise Control Fan Direct Aeroacoustics Predictions Using a Lattice-Boltzmann Method [M] 16th AIAA/CEAS Aeroacoustics Conference Colorado Springs 2012
- Casalino , D. , Hazir , A. , and Mann , A. Turbofan Broadband Noise Prediction Using the Lattice Boltzmann Method 22th AIAA/CEAS Aeroacoustics Conference Lyon, France 2016
- Balasubramanian , G. , Mutnuri , L.A.R. , Sugiyama , Z. , Senthooran , S. , and Freed , D. A Computational Process for Early Stage Assessment of Automotive Buffeting and Wind Noise SAE Int. J. Passeng. Cars - Mech. Syst 6 2 1231 1238 2013 10.4271/2013-01-1929
- Oettle , N. , Meskine , M. , Senthooran , S. , Bissell , A. et al. A Computational Approach to Assess Buffeting and Broadband Noise Generated by a Vehicle Sunroof [J] SAE Int. J. Passeng. Cars - Mech. Syst. 8 1 196 204 2015 10.4271/2015-01-1532
- Mann , A. , Kim , M. , Neuhierl , B. , Perot , F. et al. Exhaust and Muffler Aeroacoustics Predictions Using Lattice Boltzmann Method [J] SAE Int. J. Passeng. Cars - Mech. Syst 8 3 1009 1017 2015 2015 10.4271/2015-01-2314
- Mann , A. , Kim , M. , Pan , S. , Neuhierl , B. , et al. Towards Engine-Mounted Exhaust and Muffler Aeroacoustics Predictions Using a Lattice Boltzmann Based Method [M] FISITA World Congress 2016
- Neuhierl , B. Simulation of Flow-Induced Noise in Exhaust Silencers [M] Internoise 2016
- Pérot , F. , Mann , A. , and Freed , D.M. 2018
- Pérot , F. , Mann , A. , and Freed , D.M. 2018
- Powell , A. Theory of Vortex Sound [J] Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 36 1 177 195 1964
- Senthooran , S. , Powell , R. , Choi , E.S. , and Cyr , S. Computational Prediction of Interior Noise for Design Variations on a Simplified Vehicle [M] Internoise 2015
- Mann , A. , Kim , M.-S. , Pérot , F. , Choi , E.-S. , Cho , M.-H. , and Jung , W.-Y. A Digital Process for Aeroacoustics Design of Cooling Fan Modules [M] JSAE Annual Spring Congress 2017
- Jeong , J. and Hussain , F. On the Identification of a Vortex [J] Journal of Fluid Mechanics 285 69 94 1995