This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
Influences on Energy Savings of Heavy Trucks Using Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control
Technical Paper
2018-01-1181
ISSN: 0148-7191, e-ISSN: 2688-3627
This content contains downloadable datasets
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Language:
English
Abstract
An integrated adaptive cruise control (ACC) and cooperative ACC (CACC) was implemented and tested on three heavy-duty tractor-trailer trucks on a closed test track. The first truck was always in ACC mode, and the followers were in CACC mode using wireless vehicle-vehicle communication to augment their radar sensor data to enable safe and accurate vehicle following at short gaps. The fuel consumption for each truck in the CACC string was measured using the SAE J1321 procedure while travelling at 65 mph and loaded to a gross weight of 65,000 lb, demonstrating the effects of: inter-vehicle gaps (ranging from 3.0 s or 87 m to 0.14 s or 4 m, covering a much wider range than previously reported tests), cut-in and cut-out maneuvers by other vehicles, speed variations, the use of mismatched vehicles (standard trailers mixed with aerodynamic trailers with boat tails and side skirts), and the presence of a passenger vehicle ahead of the platoon.
The results showed that energy savings generally increased in a non-linear fashion as the gap was reduced. The middle truck saved the most fuel at gaps shorter than 12 m and the trailing truck saved the most at longer gaps, while lead truck saved the least at all gaps. The cut-in and cut-out maneuvers had only a marginal effect on fuel consumption even when repeated every two miles. The presence of passenger-vehicle traffic had a measurable impact. The fuel-consumption savings on the curves was less than on the straight sections.
Recommended Content
Authors
Topic
Citation
McAuliffe, B., Lammert, M., Lu, X., Shladover, S. et al., "Influences on Energy Savings of Heavy Trucks Using Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control," SAE Technical Paper 2018-01-1181, 2018, https://doi.org/10.4271/2018-01-1181.Data Sets - Support Documents
| Title | Description | Download |
|---|---|---|
| Unnamed Dataset 1 | ||
| Unnamed Dataset 2 | ||
| Unnamed Dataset 3 | ||
| Unnamed Dataset 4 |
Also In
References
- Lu , X.Y. and Hedrick , J.K. Practical String Stability for Longitudinal Control of Automated Vehicles Int. J. Vehicle Systems Dynamics Supplement 41 577 586 2004
- Lu , X.Y. , Hedrick , J.K. and Drew , M. ACC/CACC - Control Design, Stability and Robust Performance Proc. of 2002 American Control Conference May 8-10 Anchorage, Alaska 2002 4327 4332
- Milanés , V. , Shladover , S. , Spring , J. , Nowakowski , C. et al. Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control in Real Traffic Situations IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems 15 1 296 305 2014
- Milanés , V. and Shladover , S.E. Modeling Cooperative and Autonomous Adaptive Cruise Control Dynamic Responses Using Experimental Data Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies 48 285 300 2014
- McAuliffe , B.R. , Ahmadi-Baloutaki , M. , Croken , M. and Raeesi , A. 2017
- Rajamani , R. , Choi , S.B. , Hedrick , J.K. , Law , B. et al. Design and Experimental Implementation of Control for a Platoon of Automated Vehicles Proceedings of the ASME Dynamic Systems and Control Division 64 1998 681 689
- Lu , X.Y. and Shladover , S. Integrated ACC and CACC Development for Heavy-Duty Truck Partial Automation 2017 American Control Conference Seattle, WA May 24-26 2017
- Marcu , B. and Browand , F. Aerodynamic Forces Experienced by a 3-Vehicle Platoon in a Crosswind SAE Technical Paper 1999-01-1324 1999
- Tsuei , L. and Savas , O. Transient Aerodynamics of Vehicle Platoons during in-line Oscillations Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics 89 1085 1111 2001
- Lammert , M. and Kelly , K. 2018
- Bonnet , C. and Fritz , H. Fuel Consumption Reduction in a Platoon: Experimental Results with Two Electronically Coupled Trucks at Close Spacing SAE Technical Paper 2013-01-0767 2000
- Browand , F. , McArthur , J. , and Radovich , C. 2004
- Al Alam , A. , Gattami , A. , and Johansson , K. An Experimental Study on the Fuel Reduction Potential of Heavy Duty Vehicle Platooning 13th International IEEE Annual Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems Madeira Island, Portugal 2010
- Roeth , M. 2013
- Lammert , M. , Duran , A. , Diez , J. , Burton , K. et al. Effect of Platooning on Fuel Consumption of Class 8 Vehicles Over a Range of Speeds, Following Distances, and Mass SAE Int. J. Commer. Veh. 7 2 2014 10.4271/2014-01-2438
- Tsugawa , S. and Issues of an Automated Truck Platoon within the Energy ITS Project 2014 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV) Dearborn, MI 2014
- Humphreys , H. and Bevly , D. Computational Fluid Dynamic Analysis of a Generic 2 Truck Platoon 2013-01-0767 2016
- Roberts , J. , Mihelic , R. , Roeth , M. and Rondini , D. 2016
- Bevly , D. , Murray , C. , Lim , A. , Turochy , R. et al. 2017
- Hammache , M. , Michaelian , M. , and Browand , F. Aerodynamic Forces on Truck Models, Including Two Trucks in Tandem SAE Paper 2002-01-0530 2002
- Tsugawa , S. , Kato , S. , and Aoki , K. An Automated Truck Platoon for Energy Saving IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems San Francisco, CA 2011
- Davila , A. , Aramburu , E. , and Freixas , A. Making the Best Out of Aerodynamics: Platoons SAE Paper 2013-01-0767 2013
- Smith , J. , Mihelic , R. , Gifford , B. , and Ellis , M. Aerodynamic Impact of Tractor-Trailer in Drafting Configuration SAE Int. J. Commer. Veh. 7 2 2014 10.4271/2014-01-2436
- Ellis , M. , Gargoloff , J. , and Sengupta , R. Aerodynamic Drag and Engine Cooling Effects on Class 8 Trucks in Platooning Configurations SAE Int. J. Commer. Veh. 8 2 2015 10.4271/2015-01-2896
- Mihelic , R. , Smith , J. , and Ellis , M. Aerodynamic Comparison of Tractor-Trailer Platooning and A-Train Configuration SAE Int. J. Commer. Veh. 8 2 2015 10.4271/2015-01-2897
- Humphreys , H. , Batterson , J. , Bevly , D. , and Schubert , R. An Evaluation of the Fuel Economy Benefits of a Driver Assistive Truck Platooning Prototype Using Simulation SAE Paper 2016-01-0167 2016
- Gheyssens , T. and Van Raemdonck , G. Effect of the Frontal Edge Radius in a Platoon of Bluff Bodies SAE Int. J. Commer. Veh. 9 2 2016 10.4271/2016-01-8149
- SAE J1321 2012
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and U.S. Department of Transportation Greenhouse Gas Emissions Standards and Fuel Efficiency Standards for Medium- and Heavy-Duty Engines and Vehicles - Phase 2 US Federal Register 81 206 73478 74274 2016
- Environment & Climate Change Canada Regulations Amending the Heavy-Duty Vehicle and Engine Greenhouse Gas Emission Regulations and Other Regulations Made Under the Canadian Environmental Protection Act, 1999 Canada Gazette Part I 151 9 2017
- Mihelic , R. Fuel and Freight Efficiency - Past, Present and Future Perspectives SAE Int. J. Commer. Veh. 9 2 2016 10.4271/2016-01-8020
- Muratori , M. , Holden , J. , Lammert , M. , Duran , A. et al. Potentials for Platooning in U.S. Highway Freight Transport SAE Int. J. Commer. Veh. 10 1 45 49 2017 10.4271/2017-01-0086
- PMG Technologies The High-Speed Track http://www.pmgtest.com/index.php/en/facilities/pistes/5-the-high-speed-track.html 2016