This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
Effect of Multiple Injections on Particulate Size-Number Distributions in a Common Rail Direct Injection Engine Fueled with Karanja Biodiesel Blends
Technical Paper
2013-01-1554
ISSN: 0148-7191, e-ISSN: 2688-3627
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Language:
English
Abstract
Use of alternative fuels, and reduction of particulate and NOx emissions are major challenges for making diesel engines environmentally benign. Measures adopted for reducing gravimetric particulate emissions necessarily always do not reduce particulate number concentration, which is strongly related with adverse health effects. Current emission norms in some parts of the world limit particulate number concentration along with particulate mass. In this scenario, it becomes important to investigate effect of fuel injection parameters and fuel injection strategies such as pilot injections on particulate size-number distribution. A single cylinder research engine is used to evaluate the effect of different fuel injection strategies and injection timings (for pilot and main injections) on particulate size-number distribution and total particulate numbers. Experiments were conducted at two fuel injection pressures (500 and 1000 bar) for different injection timings for biofuels (20% and 50% Karanja biodiesel blends) and the results are compared with baseline data of mineral diesel. Particulate number-size distribution decreases with increasing fuel injection pressure. For a fixed pilot injection timing, particulate number-size distribution increases with retarded main injection for all test fuels. Total particulate number concentration of biodiesel blends is lower than mineral diesel. Utilization of 20% blend of Karanja biodiesel results in highest reduction of particulate number emissions at retarded start of injection timing.
Recommended Content
Authors
Topic
Citation
Dhar, A. and Agarwal, A., "Effect of Multiple Injections on Particulate Size-Number Distributions in a Common Rail Direct Injection Engine Fueled with Karanja Biodiesel Blends," SAE Technical Paper 2013-01-1554, 2013, https://doi.org/10.4271/2013-01-1554.Also In
References
- Kittelson , D.B. Engines and Nano-particles: A Review J. Aerosol Sci. 29 5/6 575 588 1998 10.1016/S0021-8502(97)10037-4
- Harris , S.J. , and Maricq , M.M. Signature Size Distributions for Diesel and Gasoline Engine Exhaust Particulate Matter J. Aerosol Sci. 32 6 749 764 2001 10.1016/S0021-8502(00)00111-7
- Harris , S.J. , and Maricq , M.M. The Role of Fragmentation in Defining the Signature Size Distribution of Diesel Soot Aerosol Sci. 33 935 942 2002 10.1016/S0021-8502(02)00045-9
- Abdul-Khalek , I. , Kittelson , D. , and Brear , F. The Influence of Dilution Conditions on Diesel Exhaust Particle Size Distribution Measurements SAE Technical Paper 1999-01-1142 1999 10.4271/1999-01-1142
- Kittelson , D. B. , and Abdul-Khalek , I. Formation of Nanoparticles during Exhaust Dilution EFI Members Conference: “Fuels, Lubricants Engines & Emissions” January 18 20 1999 http://www.me.umn.edu/centers/cdr/reports/OtherEFI.pdf
- Maricq , M. M. Chemical Characterization of Particulate emissions from diesel engines: A review J. Aerosol Sci. 38 1079 1118 2007 10.1016/j.jaerosci.2007.08.001
- Kittelson , D. , Johnson , J. , Watts , W. , Wei , Q. et al. Diesel Aerosol Sampling in the Atmosphere SAE Technical Paper 2000-01-2212 2000 10.4271/2000-01-2212
- Bagley , S. T. , Baumgard , K. J. , Gratz , L.D. , Johnson , J.H. and Leddy , D.G. Characterization of Fuel and After treatment Device Effects on Diesel Emissions Health Effects Institute Research Report No. 76 1996
- http://www.dieselnet.com/standards/eu/ld.php 01 10 2012
- Flynn , P. , Durrett , R. , Hunter , G. , zur Loye , A. et al. Diesel Combustion: An Integrated View Combining Laser Diagnostics, Chemical Kinetics, And Empirical Validation SAE Technical Paper 1999-01-0509 1999 10.4271/1999-01-0509
- Tan , P. , Hu , Z. , Lou , D. , and Li , B. Particle Number and Size Distribution from a Diesel Engine with Jatropha Biodiesel Fuel SAE Technical Paper 2009-01-2726 2009 10.4271/2009-01-2726
- Zhu , R. , Cheung , C.S. , Huang Z. , and Wang , X. Experimental investigation on particulate emissions of a direct injection diesel engine fuel with diesel-diethyl adipate blends J.Aerosol Sci. 42 264 276 2011 10.1016/j.jaerosci.2011.01.004
- Agarwal , A.K. , Gupta , T. , and Kothari , A. Particulate emissions from biodiesel vs diesel fuelled compression ignition engine Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 15 3278 3300 2011 10.1016/j.rser.2011.04.002
- Kawano , D. , Ishii , H. , Goto , Y. , Noda , A. et al. Application of Biodiesel Fuel to Modern Diesel Engine SAE Technical Paper 2006-01-0233 2006 10.4271/2006-01-0233
- Zhu , L. , Zhang , W. , Liu , W. et al. Experimental study on particulate and NOx emissions of a diesel engine fueled with ultra-low sulfur diesel, RME-diesel blends and PME-diesel blends Sci. Total Environment 408 1050 1058 2010 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.10.056
- Zhu , L. , Cheung , C.S. , Zhang , W.G. et al. Emissions characteristics of a diesel engine operating on biodiesel and biodiesel blended with ethanol and methanol Sci. Total Environment. 408 914 921 2010 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.10.078
- Desantes , J.M. , Bermúdez , V. , García , J.M. et al. Effects of current engine strategies on the exhaust aerosol particle size distribution from a heavy-duty diesel engine Aerosol Sci 36 1251 1276 2005 10.1016/j.jaerosci.2005.01.002
- Puzun , A. , Wanchen , S. , Guoliang , L. et al. Characteristics of particle size distributions about emissions in a common-rail diesel engine with biodiesel blends Procedia Environmental Sci., Part C. 11 1371 1378 2011 10.1016/j.proenv.2011.12.206
- Ministry of New & Renewable Energy, Government of India National Policy on Biofuels http://mnre.gov.in/filemanager/UserFiles/biofuel_policy.pdf 20 12 2012
- Agarwal , A.K. , Khurana , D. Long-term storage oxidation stability of Karanja biodiesel with the use of antioxidants Fuel Process. Technol. 106 447 452 2013 10.1016/j.fuproc.2012.09.011
- Reitz , R.D. Controlling D.I. Diesel Engine Emissions Using Multiple Injections and EGR Combustion Sci. Technol. 1 6 257 278 1998 10.1080/00102209808952071
- Surawski , N.C. , Miljevic , B. , Ayoko , G.A. , Elbagir , S. , Stevanovic , S. , Fairfull-Smith , K. E. , Bottle , S. E. , Ristovski , Z. D. Physicochemical characterization of particulate emissions from a compression ignition engine: the influence of biodiesel feedstock Environ. Sci. Technol. 45 24 10337 10343 2011 10.1021/es2018797
- Tinsdale , M. , Price , P. , and Chen , R. The Impact of Biodiesel on Particle Number, Size and Mass Emissions from a Euro4 Diesel Vehicle SAE Int. J. Engines 3 1 597 608 2010 10.4271/2010-01-0796
- Song , J.H. , Alam , M. , Boehman , A.L. Impact of alternative fuels on soot properties and DPF regeneration Combustion Sci. Technol. 179 9 1991 2037 2007 10.1080/00102200701386099
- Szybist , J.P. , Song , J. , Alam , M. , Boehman , A.L. Biodiesel combustion, emissions and emission control Fuel Process. Technol. 88 7 679 691 2007 10.1016/j.fuproc.2006.12.008