This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
Effect of Multi-Injection Strategy on Cavitation Development in Diesel Injector Nozzle Holes
Technical Paper
2005-01-1237
ISSN: 0148-7191, e-ISSN: 2688-3627
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Language:
English
Abstract
The effect of multiple-injection strategy on nozzle hole cavitation has been investigated both experimentally and numerically. A common-rail Diesel injection system, used by Toyota in passenger car engines, has been employed together with a double-shutter CCD camera in order to visualise cavitation inside a submerged and optically accessible (in one out of the six holes) real-size VCO nozzle. Initially the cavitation development was investigated in single injection events followed by flow images obtained during multiple injections consisting of a pilot and a main injection pulse. In order to identify the effect of pilot injection on cavitation development during the main injection, the dwell time between the injection events was varied between 1.5-5ms for different pilot injection quantities. The extensive test matrix included injection pressures of 400 and 800bar and back pressures ranging from 2.4 up to 41bar. The results have confirmed that cavitation patterns in the pilot are very similar to those of the main injection, while the effect of the dwell time was present through the variation of the actual injection pressure caused by the pressure wave dynamics within the injection system. The flow inside the VCO nozzle was also simulated using a recently developed cavitation CFD model which takes into account the movement of the needle. Simulations have shown that cavitation inception is very fast and synchronous for both the pilot and the main injection events while its intensity in the sense of spatial extent appears to peak at relatively low needle lifts.
Recommended Content
Authors
- H. Roth - School of Engineering & Mathematical Sciences, City University, London, UK
- E. Giannadakis - School of Engineering & Mathematical Sciences, City University, London, UK
- M. Gavaises - School of Engineering & Mathematical Sciences, City University, London, UK
- C. Arcoumanis - School of Engineering & Mathematical Sciences, City University, London, UK
- K. Omae - Toyota Motor Corporation, Japan
- I. Sakata - Toyota Motor Corporation, Japan
- M. Nakamura - Toyota Motor Corporation, Japan
- H. Yanagihara - Toyota Motor Corporation, Japan
Citation
Roth, H., Giannadakis, E., Gavaises, M., Arcoumanis, C. et al., "Effect of Multi-Injection Strategy on Cavitation Development in Diesel Injector Nozzle Holes," SAE Technical Paper 2005-01-1237, 2005, https://doi.org/10.4271/2005-01-1237.Also In
References
- Heywood, J.B. Internal Combustion Engine Fundamentals New York McGraw-Hill Book Company 1988
- Soteriou, C. Andrews R.J. Smith M. Direct Injection Diesel Sprays and the Effect of Cavitation and Hydraulic Flip on Atomization SAE Paper 950080 1995
- Tamaki, N. Shimizu M. Nishida K. Hiroyasu H. Effects of cavitation and internal flow on atomization of a liquid jet Atomization and Sprays 8 2 179 197 1998
- Tamaki, N. Shimizu M. Hiroyasu H. Enhanced Atomization of a Liquid Jet by Cavitation in a Nozzle Hole Proc. ICLASS Pasadena, CA, USA 2000
- Arcoumanis, C. Badami M. Flora H. Gavaises M. Cavitation in Real-Size Multi-Hole Diesel Injector Nozzles SAE Paper 2000-01-1249 2000
- Chaves, H. Knapp M. Kubitzek A. Obermeier F. Experimental Study of Cavitation in the Nozzle Hole of Diesel Injectors Using Transparent Nozzles SAE Paper 950290 1995
- Payri, F. Benajes J. Pastor J.V. Molina S. Influence of the Post-Injection Pattern on Performance, Soot and NOx Emissions in a HD Diesel Engine SAE Paper 2002-01-0502 2002
- Avva, R.K. Singhal A. Gibson D.H. An Enthalpy Based Model of Cavitation Cavitation and Multiphase Flow Forum ASME FED 226 63 70 1995
- Grogger, H. Alajbegovic A. Calculation of the Cavitating Flow in Venturi Geometries using Two-Fluid Model ASME Fluids Engineering Summer Meeting Washington, D.C., USA 1998
- Marcer, R. Le Cottier P. Chaves H. Argueyrolles B. Habchi C. Barbeau B. A Validated Numerical Simulation of Diesel Injector Flow Using a VOF Method SAE Paper 2000-01-2932 2000
- Schmidt, D.P. Rutland C.J. Corradini M.L. A Numerical Study of Cavitating Flow Through Various Nozzle Shapes SAE Paper 971597 1997
- Yuan, W. Sauer J. Schnerr G.H. Modeling and Computation of Unsteady Cavitation Flows in Injection Nozzles 1st International Colloquium on Microhydrodynamics Paris, France 2000
- Arcoumanis, C. Gavaises M. Flora H. Roth H. Visualisation of Cavitation in Diesel Engine Injectors Mécanique & Industries 2 5 375 381 2001
- Roth, H. Gavaises M. Arcoumanis C. Cavitation Initiation, Its Development and Link with Flow Turbulence in Diesel Injector Nozzles SAE Paper 2002-01-0214 2002
- Afzal, H. Arcoumanis C. Gavaises M. Kampanis N. Internal Flow in Diesel Injector Nozzles: Modelling and Experiments IMechE Paper S492/S2/99 1999
- Soteriou, C. Smith M. Andrews R.J. Diesel Injection - Laser Light Sheet Illumination of the Development of Cavitation in Orifices IMechE Paper C529/018/98 1998
- Giannadakis, E. Gavaises M. Roth H. Arcoumanis C. Cavitation Modelling in Single-Hole Diesel Injector Based on Eulerian-Lagrangian Approach Proc. THIESEL International Conference on Thermo- and Fluid Dynamic Processes in Diesel Engines Valencia, Spain 2004
- Theodorakakos, A. Bergeles G. Simulation of sharp gas-liquid interface using VOF method and adaptive grid local refinement around the interface International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 45 4 421 439 2004
- Farrell, K.J. Eulerian/Lagrangian analysis for the prediction of cavitation inception Journal of Fluids Engineering-Transactions of the Asme 125 1 46 52 2003
- Plesset, M.S. Prosperetti A. Bubble Dynamics and Cavitation Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics 9 145 185 1977
- Brennen, C.E. Cavitation and Bubble Dynamics New York; Oxford Oxford University Press 1995
- Kubota, A. Kato H. Yamaguchi H. A New Modeling of Cavitating Flows - a Numerical Study of Unsteady Cavitation on a Hydrofoil Section Journal of Fluid Mechanics 240 59 96 1992
- Moss, W.C. Levantin J.L. Szeri A.J. A New Damping Mechanism in Strongly Collapsing Bubbles Proc. R. Soc. London A 456 2004 2983 2994 2000
- Hinze, J.O. Turbulence 2nd McGraw-Hill New York 309 1975
- Hsiao, C.-T. Chahine G.L. Liu H.L. Scaling Effect on Bubble Dynamics in a Tip Vortex Flow: Prediction of Cavitation Inception and Noise DYNAFLOW, INC 2000
- Martínez-Bazán, C. Montañés J.L. Lasheras J.C. On the breakup of an air bubble injected into a fully developed turbulent flow. Part 1. Breakup frequency Journal of Fluid Mechanics 401 157 182 1999
- Martínez-Bazán, C. Montañés J.L. Lasheras J.C. On the breakup of an air bubble injected into a fully developed turbulent flow. Part 2. Size PDF of the resulting daughter bubbles Journal of Fluid Mechanics 401 183 207 1999
- Ahmadi, M. Sellens R.W. A simplified maximum-entropy-based drop size distribution Atomisation and Sprays Vol 3 291 310 1993
- Gavaises, M. Giannadakis E. Modelling Of Cavitation In Large Scale Diesel Injector Nozzles ILASS 2004 Nottingham, UK 2004