This content is not included in your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.

Low- to High-Temperature Reaction Transition in a Small-Bore Optical Gasoline Compression Ignition (GCI) Engine

Journal Article
03-12-05-0031
ISSN: 1946-3936, e-ISSN: 1946-3944
Published August 19, 2019 by SAE International in United States
Low- to High-Temperature Reaction Transition in a Small-Bore Optical Gasoline Compression Ignition (GCI) Engine
Sector:
Citation: Goyal, H., Zhang, Y., Kook, S., Kim, K. et al., "Low- to High-Temperature Reaction Transition in a Small-Bore Optical Gasoline Compression Ignition (GCI) Engine," SAE Int. J. Engines 12(5):473-488, 2019, https://doi.org/10.4271/03-12-05-0031.
Language: English

References

  1. Yang , J. , Culp , T. , and Kenney , T. Development of a Gasoline Engine System Using HCCI Technology - The Concept and the Test Results SAE Technical Paper 2002-01-2832 2002 10.4271/2002-01-2832
  2. Kalghatgi , G.T. , Risberg , P. , and Ångström , H.-E. Advantages of Fuels with High Resistance to Auto-ignition in Late-injection, Low-Temperature, Compression Ignition Combustion SAE Technical Paper 2006-01-3385 2006 10.4271/2006-01-3385
  3. Kalghatgi , G.T. , Risberg , P. , and Angstrom , H.-E. Partially Pre-mixed Auto-Ignition of Gasoline to Attain Low Smoke and Low NOx at High Load in a Compression Ignition Engine and Comparison with a Diesel Fuel SAE Technical Paper 2007-01-0006 2007 10.4271/2007-01-0006
  4. Fridriksson , H. , Sunden , B. , Hajireza , S. , and Tuner , M. CFD Investigation of Heat Transfer in a Diesel Engine with Diesel and PPC Combustion Modes SAE Technical Paper 2011-01-1838 2011 10.4271/2011-01-1838
  5. Solaka , H. , Aronsson , U. , Tuner , M. , and Johansson , B. Investigation of Partially Premixed Combustion Characteristics in Low Load Range with Regards to Fuel Octane Number in a Light-duty Diesel Engine SAE Technical Paper 2012-01-0684 2012 10.4271/2012-01-0684
  6. Goyal , H. , Kook , S. , Hawkes , E. , Chan , Q.N. et al. Influence of Engine Speed on Gasoline Compression Ignition (GCI) Combustion in a Single-cylinder Light-duty Diesel Engine SAE Technical Paper 2017-01-0742 2017 10.4271/2017-01-0742
  7. Fang , C. , Tunestal , P. , Yin , L. , Yang , F. et al. Study on Low Temperature Heat Release of Partially Premixed Combustion in a Heavy Duty Engine for Real-time Applications Applied Thermal Engineering 148 2 219 228 2018 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2018.11.003
  8. Liu , X. , Goyal , H. , Kook , S. , and Ikeda , Y. Triple Injection Strategies for Gasoline Compression Ignition (GCI) Combustion in a Single-cylinder Small-bore Common-rail Diesel Engine SAE Technical Paper 2019-01-1148 2019 10.4271/2019-01-1148
  9. Kalghatgi , G. , Hildingsson , L. , and Johansson , B. Low NOx and Low Smoke Operation of a Diesel Engine Using Gasoline like Fuels Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 132 9 092803 2010 10.1115/1.4000602
  10. Goyal , H. , Kook , S. , and Ikeda , Y. The Influence of Fuel Ignition Quality and First Injection Proportion on Gasoline Compression Ignition (GCI) Combustion in a Small-bore Engine Fuel 235 1 1207 1215 2019 10.1016/j.fuel.2018.08.090
  11. Dec , J.E. Advanced Compression-Ignition Engines - Understanding the In-cylinder Processes Proceedings of the Combustion Institute 32 2 2727 2742 2009 10.1016/j.proci.2008.08.008
  12. Liu , H. , Zheng , Z. , Yao , M. , Zhang , P. et al. Influence of Temperature and Mixture Stratification on HCCI Combustion Using Chemiluminescence Images and CFD Analysis Applied Thermal Engineering 33-34 1 135 143 2012 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2011.09.026
  13. Liu , H. , Yao , M. , Zhang , B. , and Zheng , Z. Influence of Fuel and Operating Conditions on Combustion Characteristics of a Homogenous Charge Compression Ignition Engine Energy & Fuels 23 3 1422 1430 2009 10.1021/ef800950c
  14. Maurya , R.K. and Agarwal , A.K. Experimental Study of Combustion and Emission Characteristics of Ethanol Fuelled Port Injected Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) Combustion Engine Applied Energy 88 4 1169 1180 2011 10.1016/j.apenergy.2010.09.015
  15. Bahng , G.W. , Jang , D. , Kim , Y. , and Shin , M. A New Technology to Overcome the Limits of HCCI Engine through Fuel Modification Applied Thermal Engineering 98 4 810 815 2016 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2015.12.076
  16. Singh , G. , Singh , A.P. , and Agarwal , A.K. Experimental Investigations of Combustion, Performance and Emission Characterization of Biodiesel Fuelled HCCI Engine Using External Mixture Formation Technique Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments 6 6 116 128 2014 10.1016/j.seta.2014.01.002
  17. Sjöberg , M. and Dec , J.E. Smoothing HCCI Heat-release Rates Using Partial Fuel Stratification with Two-stage Ignition Fuels SAE Technical Paper 2006-01-0629 2006 10.4271/2006-01-0629
  18. Krisman , A. , Hawkes , E.R. , Kook , S. , Sjöberg , M. et al. On the Potential of Ethanol Fuel Stratification to Extend the High Load Limit in Stratified-charge Compression-Ignition Engines Fuel 99 9 45 54 2012 10.1016/j.fuel.2012.04.001
  19. Kobashi , Y. , Tanaka , D. , Maruko , T. , Kato , S. et al. Effects of Mixedness and Ignition Timings on PCCI Combustion with a Dual Fuel Operation SAE Technical Paper 2011-01-1768 2011 10.4271/2011-01-1768
  20. Sellnau , M. , Foster , M. , Hoyer , K. , Moore , W. et al. Development of a Gasoline Direct Injection Compression Ignition (GDCI) Engine SAE Int. J. Engines 7 2 835 851 2014 10.4271/2014-01-1300
  21. Manente , V. , Johansson , B. , Tunestal , P. , and Cannella , W. Effects of Different Type of Gasoline Fuels on Heavy Duty Partially Premixed Combustion SAE Int. J. Engines 2 2 71 88 2009 10.4271/2009-01-2668
  22. Manente , V. , Johansson , B. , and Cannella , W. Gasoline Partially Premixed Combustion, the Future of Internal Combustion Engines? International Journal of Engine Research 12 3 194 208 2011 10.1177/1468087411402441
  23. Splitter , D. , Hanson , R. , Kokjohn , S. , and Reitz , R.D. Reactivity Controlled Compression Ignition (RCCI) Heavy-duty Engine Operation at Mid-and High-loads with Conventional and Alternative Fuels SAE Technical Paper 2011-01-0363 2011 10.4271/2011-01-0363
  24. Sellnau , M.C. , Sinnamon , J. , Hoyer , K. , and Husted , H. Full-Time Gasoline Direct-Injection Compression Ignition (GDCI) for High Efficiency and Low NOx and PM SAE Int. J. Engines 5 2 300 314 2012 10.4271/2012-01-0384
  25. Jain , A. , Singh , A.P. , and Agarwal , A.K. Effect of Fuel Injection Parameters on Combustion Stability and Emissions of a Mineral Diesel Fueled Partially Premixed Charge Compression Ignition (PCCI) Engine Applied Energy 190 3 658 669 2017 10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.12.164
  26. Tang , Q. , Liu , H. , Li , M. , and Yao , M. Study on the Double Injection Strategy of Gasoline Partially Premixed Combustion under a Light-duty Optical Engine SAE Int. J. Engines 9 4 2185 2193 2016 10.4271/2016-01-2299
  27. Goyal , H. , Liu , X. , Kook , S. , and Ikeda , Y. Efficiency and Fuel Economy Benefits of Double Injection Strategies in a Gasoline Compression Ignition (GCI) Engine FISITA World Automotive Congress Chennai, India October 2-5, 2018
  28. Jain , A. , Singh , A.P. , and Agarwal , A.K. Effect of Split Fuel Injection and EGR on NOx and PM Emission Reduction in a Low Temperature Combustion (LTC) Mode Diesel Engine Energy 122 3 249 264 2017 10.1016/j.energy.2017.01.050
  29. Zhao , F. , Asmus , T.N. , Assanis , D.N. , Dec , J.E. et al. Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) Engines: Key Research and Development Issues Warrendale, PA SAE International 2003 978-0-7680-1123-4
  30. Gray , A.W. III and Ryan , T.W. III Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) of Diesel Fuel SAE Technical Paper 971676 1997 10.4271/971676
  31. Thring , R.H. Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) Engines SAE Technical Paper 892068 1989 10.4271/892068
  32. Lilik , G.K. , Herreros , J.M. , and Boehman , A.L. Advanced Combustion Operation in a Compression Ignition Engine Energy & Fuels 23 1 143 150 2009 10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2010.02.001
  33. Tang , Q. , Liu , H. , Li , M. , and Yao , M. Optical Study of Spray-wall Impingement Impact on Early-injection Gasoline Partially Premixed Combustion at Low Engine Load Applied Energy 185 1 708 719 2017 10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.10.108
  34. Tang , Q. , Liu , H. , Li , M. , Yao , M. et al. Study on Ignition and Flame Development in Gasoline Partially Premixed Combustion Using Multiple Optical Diagnostics Combustion and Flame 177 3 98 108 2017 10.1016/j.combustflame.2016.12.013
  35. Goyal , H. , Kook , S. , and Ikeda , Y. Ignition Process of Gasoline Compression Ignition (GCI) Combustion in a Small-bore Optical Engine Fuel
  36. Wang , Z. , Stamatoglou , P. , Lundgren , M. , Luise , L. et al. Simultaneous 36 kHz PLIF/chemiluminescence Imaging of Fuel, CH2O and Combustion in a PPC Engine Proceedings of the Combustion Institute 37 4 4751 4758 2018 10.1016/j.proci.2018.06.019
  37. Musculus , M.P.B. , Miles , P.C. , and Pickett , L.M. Conceptual Models for Partially Premixed Low-temperature Diesel Combustion Progress in Energy and Combustion Science 39 2-3 246 283 2013 10.1016/j.pecs.2012.09.001
  38. Richter , M. , Collin , R. , Nygren , J. , Alden , M. et al. Studies of the Combustion Process with Simultaneous Formaldehyde and OH PLIF in a Direct-injected HCCI Engine JSME International Journal Series B 48 4 701 707 2005 10.1299/jsmeb.48.701
  39. Collin , R. , Nygren , J. , Richter , M. , Aldén , M. et al. Simultaneous OH- and Formaldehyde-LIF Measurements in an HCCI Engine SAE Technical Paper 2003-01-3218 2003 10.4271/2003-01-3218
  40. Genzale , C.L. , Reitz , R.D. , and Musculus , M.P.B. Effects of Spray Targeting on Mixture Development and Emissions Formation in Late-injection Low-temperature Heavy-duty Diesel Combustion Proceedings of the Combustion Institute 32 2 2767 2774 2009 10.1016/j.proci.2008.06.072
  41. Musculus , M.P.B. Multiple Simultaneous Optical Diagnostic Imaging of Early-injection Low-temperature Combustion in a Heavy-duty Diesel Engine SAE Technical Paper 2006-01-0079 2006 10.4271/2006-01-0079
  42. Le , M.K. , Kook , S. , and Hawkes , E.R. The Planar Imaging of Laser Induced Fluorescence of Fuel and Hydroxyl for a Wall-interacting Jet in a Single-cylinder, Automotive-size, Optically Accessible Diesel Engine Fuel 140 1 143 155 2015 10.1016/j.fuel.2014.09.089
  43. Le , M.K. , Zhang , R. , Rao , L. , Kook , S. et al. The Development of Hydroxyl and Soot in a Methyl Decanoate-fuelled Automotive-size Optical Diesel Engine Fuel 166 2 320 332 2016 10.1016/j.fuel.2015.11.006
  44. Dec , J.E. and Coy , E.B. OH Radical Imaging in a DI Diesel Engine and the Structure of the Early Diffusion Flame SAE Technical Paper 960831 1996 10.4271/960831
  45. Woo , C. , Kook , S. , and Hawkes , E.R. Effect of Intake Air Temperature and Common-rail Pressure on Ethanol Combustion in a Single-Cylinder Light-duty Diesel Engine Fuel 180 9 9 19 2016 10.1016/j.fuel.2016.04.005
  46. Kalghatgi , G.T. Auto-ignition Quality of Practical Fuels and Implications for Fuel Requirements of Future SI and HCCI Engines SAE Technical Paper 2005-01-0239 2005 10.4271/2005-01-0239
  47. Manente , V. , Zander , C. , Johansson , B. , Tunestal , P. et al. An Advanced Internal Combustion Engine Concept for Low Emissions and High Efficiency from Idle to Max Load using Gasoline Partially Premixed Combustion SAE Technical Paper 2010-01-2198 2010 10.4271/2010-01-2198
  48. Manente , V. , Tunestal , P. , Johansson , B. , and Cannella , W.J. Effects of Ethanol and Different Type of Gasoline Fuels on Partially Premixed Combustion from Low to High Load SAE Technical Paper 2010-01-0871 2010 10.4271/2010-01-0871
  49. Padala , S. , Le , M.K. , Kook , S. , and Hawkes , E.R. Imaging Diagnostics of Ethanol Port Fuel Injection Sprays for Automobile Engine Applications Applied Thermal Engineering 52 1 24 37 2013 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2012.11.007
  50. Woo , C. , Goyal , H. , Kook , S. , Hawkes , E.R. et al. Double Injection Strategies for Ethanol-fuelled Gasoline Compression Ignition (GCI) Combustion in a Single-Cylinder Light-duty Diesel Engine SAE Technical Paper 2016-01-2303 2016 10.4271/2016-01-2303
  51. Min , K. , Valco , D.J. , Oldani , A. , Kim , K. et al. Autoignition of Varied Cetane Number Fuels at Low Temperatures Proceedings of the Combustion Institute 37 4 5003 5011 2018 10.1016/j.proci.2018.05.078
  52. Zhang , R. , Pham , P.X. , Kook , S. , and Masri , A.R. Influence of Biodiesel Carbon Chain Length on In-cylinder Soot Processes in a Small Bore Optical Diesel Engine Fuel 235 1 1184 1194 2019 10.1016/j.fuel.2018.08.096
  53. Rao , L. , Zhang , Y. , Kook , S. , Kim , K.S. et al. Understanding In-cylinder Soot Reduction in the Use of High Pressure Fuel Injection in a Small-bore Diesel Engine Proceedings of the Combustion Institute 37 4 4839 4846 2018 10.1016/j.proci.2018.09.013
  54. Su , H.C. , Kook , S. , Chan , Q.N. , and Hawkes , E.R. A Comparison of High-temperature Reaction and Soot Processes of Conventional Diesel and Methyl Decanoate in a Light-duty Diesel Engine Fuel 226 8 635 643 2017 10.1016/j.fuel.2018.04.051
  55. Rao , L. , Zhang , Y. , Kim , D. , Su , H.C. et al. Effect of after Injections on Late Cycle Soot Oxidation in a Small-bore Diesel Engine Combustion and Flame 191 5 513 526 2018 10.1016/j.combustflame.2018.02.014
  56. Zhang , Y. , Kim , D. , Rao , L. , Zhang , R. et al. The Soot Particle Formation Process Inside the Piston Bowl of a Small-bore Diesel Engine Combustion and Flame 185 11 278 291 2017 10.1016/j.combustflame.2017.07.028
  57. Le , M.K. , Zhang , Y. , Zhang , R. , Rao , L. et al. Effect of Jet-jet Interactions on Soot Formation in a Small-bore Diesel Engine Proceedings of the Combustion Institute 36 3 3559 3566 2017 10.1016/j.proci.2016.07.025
  58. Le , M.K. and Kook , S. Injection Pressure Effects on the Flame Development in a Light-duty Optical Diesel Engine SAE Int. J. Engines 8 2 609 624 2015 10.4271/2015-01-0791
  59. Dec , J.E. and Espey , C. Ignition and Early Soot Formation in a DI Diesel Engine using Multiple 2-D Imaging Diagnostics SAE Technical Paper 950456 1995 10.4271/950456
  60. Mancaruso , E. and Vaglieco , B.M. Spectroscopic Measurements of Premixed Combustion in Diesel Engine Fuel 90 2 511 520 2011 10.1016/j.fuel.2010.09.052
  61. Dec , J.E. and Espey , C. Chemiluminescence Imaging of Autoignition in a DI Diesel Engine SAE Technical Paper 982685 1998 10.4271/982685
  62. Pickett , L.M. , Kook , S. , and Williams , T.C. Visualization of Diesel Spray Penetration, Cool-flame Ignition, High-temperature Combustion, and Soot Formation using High-speed Imaging SAE Int. J. Engines 2 1 439 459 2009 10.4271/2009-01-0658
  63. Dieke , G.H. and Crosswhite , H.M. The Ultraviolet Bands of OH Fundamental Data Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer 2 2 97 199 1962 10.1016/0022-4073(62)90061-4
  64. Higgins , B. , McQuay , M.Q. , Lacas , F. , Rolon , J.C. et al. Systematic Measurements of OH Chemiluminescence for Fuel-lean, High-pressure, Premixed, Laminar Flames Fuel 80 1 67 74 2001 10.1016/S0016-2361(00)00069-7
  65. Donkerbroek , A.J. , Van Vliet , A.P. , Somers , L.M.T. , Dam , N.J. et al. Relation Between Hydroxyl and Formaldehyde in a Direct-injection Heavy-duty Diesel Engine Combustion and Flame 158 3 564 572 2011 10.1016/j.combustflame.2010.09.024
  66. McManus , K. , Yip , B. , and Candel , S. Emission and Laser-induced Fluorescence Imaging Methods in Experimental Combustion Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science 10 4 486 502 1995 10.1016/0894-1777(94)00078-M
  67. Kashdan , J.T. , Docquier , N. , and Bruneaux , G. Mixture Preparation and Combustion via LIEF and LIF of Combustion Radicals in a Direct-Injection, HCCI Diesel Engine SAE Technical Paper 2004-01-2945 2004 10.4271/2004-01-2945
  68. Genzale , C.L. , Reitz , R.D. , and Musculus , M.P.B. Effects of Piston Bowl Geometry on Mixture Development and Late-injection Low-temperature Combustion in a Heavy-duty Diesel Engine SAE Int. J. Engines 1 1 913 937 2009 10.4271/2008-01-1330
  69. Skeen , S.A. , Manin , J. , and Pickett , L.M. Simultaneous Formaldehyde PLIF and High-speed Schlieren Imaging for Ignition Visualization in High-pressure Spray Flames Proceedings of the Combustion Institute 35 3 3167 3174 2015 10.1016/j.proci.2014.06.040
  70. Lachaux , T. and Musculus , M.P.B. In-cylinder Unburned Hydrocarbon Visualization During Low-temperature Compression-ignition Engine Combustion using Formaldehyde PLIF Proceedings of the Combustion Institute 31 2 2921 2929 2007 10.1016/j.proci.2006.07.044

Cited By