Reducing Sensor and Readout Circuitry Noise in Digital Domain Using Reference Pixels

One of the main heritage tools used in scientific and engineering data spectrum analysis is the Fourier Integral Transform and its high-performance digital equivalent — the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT). The Fourier view of nonlinear mechanics that has existed for a long time and the associated FFT carry strong a-priori assumptions about the source data, such as linearity and being stationary. Natural phenomena measurements are essentially nonlinear and nonstationary.