Brake-by-wire (BBW) systems, characterized by fast response, high precision, ease
installation, and simplified maintenance, are highly likely to become the future
braking systems. However, the reliability of BBW is currently inferior to that
of traditional hydraulic braking systems. Considering ECE R13 regulations,
actuator reliability, and braking efficiency, this article first proposes a new
braking force distribution strategy to prevent braking failure and enhance
vehicle safety without modifying the actuator itself. The strategy reduces the
operating frequency of rear actuators during low- and medium-intensity braking,
thereby extending their service life and operational reliability. Then, the
co-simulation model combining Simulink and AMESim was established for simulation
validation based on direct drive braking actuator. Additionally, the
real-vehicle test platform was built for typical braking scenarios. The
simulation and experimental results show that this strategy significantly
reduces the operating rate of rear actuators while maintaining braking
performance. This ensures that the rear actuators have a longer service life and
can be used for emergency braking. In the event of front actuators’ failure, the
rear actuators can provide the necessary and emergency braking force, thereby
enhancing the overall safety of the vehicle.
