A Novel Idea for Replacement of Traditional Catalytic Converter with Multi-tubular Solid Oxide Fuel Cell

Emission Control has always been a major concern in each and every field. An increase in emissions leads to climate change, global warming, and even various diseases. The transportation system is responsible for around 30% of emission production, of which 70% of the total atmospheric burden comes from automobiles. Recently developed emission-free electric vehicles have positively affected the levels of impurity in the environment, yet the remaining Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) vehicles on the road have been left with unchecked emissions. Traditional Catalytic Converters are widely used to reduce the emissions of vehicles. It works on the principle of converting hazardous gases emitted from the engine to less harmful carbon dioxide (CO₂), nitrogen (N₂), and water (H₂O). It is integrated with the exhaust of the engine. High efficiency and better emission control catalytic converters are still major milestones to achieve for automotive industries.

For this purpose, a new approach is proposed consisting of the integration of a two-phase multi-tubular Intermediate-Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (IT-SOFC)-based catalytic converter with an exhaust for amplified and better emission control. A multi-tubular IT-SOFC will use the burnt as well as unburnt emissions from the engine to create a potential that will generate electrical energy by oxidizing fuel. This generated electricity can be further utilized as per requirement. This system will positively impact nature by reducing, recycling, and converting harmful emissions into less harmful emissions.