Optimizing the FDM Process Parameters for Enhanced Mechanical Properties of PLA Prints

Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) has emerged as the most favourite method for polymer additive manufacturing due to its ability to create complex parts quickly. To insure best performance and reliability, it is crucial to have a comprehensive understanding of how FDM process parameters affect the mechanical properties of 3D-printed parts. This study aims to investigate specifically the influence of process parameters, such as raster angle, infill density, and layer thickness, on the mechanical properties of polylactic acid (PLA) material. With a focus on the tensile strength and impact strength of the printed parts, the experiments are designed using Taguchi’s L9 orthogonal array method. The optimal combination of parameters that maximize both tensile and impact strength is determined through the application of ANOVA optimization expertise. Besides, a linear regression model for predicting the tensile and impact strength of the printed part has been developed. The results of the tests conducted using the Taguchi method indicate that, for tensile strength, the optimal parameters comprise a layer height of 0.12 mm, 75% infill density, and a raster angle of 45o, while for impact strength, the optimal parameters entail a layer height of 0.20 mm, 50% infill density, and a raster angle of 30o. Among these, the layer thickness has the most influential effect on tensile strength, while the infill density has the most influential effect on impact strength. Finally, the check-test showed that experimental and statistical data are in good agreement.