In recent years, the global automotive sector has undergone a transformation at an unprecedented pace, driven by rapid technological advancements and evolving consumer expectations. Central to this shift has been the accelerated adoption of electric motors as the primary propulsion mechanism in New Energy Vehicles (NEVs). This research paper explores the technological trajectory of electric motor development across four vehicle segments: two-wheelers, three-wheelers, passenger vehicles, and heavy-duty commercial vehicles. It identifies the leading electric motor technologies utilized in each of these segments, along with their prevalence across key regulated global markets. Drawing upon historical data and existing academic literature, the paper provides a comprehensive overview of current e-motor technologies and their market distribution. A regional analysis is conducted to examine variations in manufacturer preferences and deployment strategies, supported by visual representations of application-specific performance requirements, manufacturing economics, regulatory constraints, and market maturity.
The study also investigates evolving trends in motor technology adoption, taking into account the distinct characteristics of each vehicle segment and associated regional dynamics. The core analysis focuses on Direct Current Motors (DCMs), Induction Motors (IMs), and various families of Permanent Magnet Motors (PMMs), evaluating their architectural designs, operational parameters, and integration within specific electric vehicle powertrain configurations. Furthermore, the paper identifies emerging markets and regions poised to lead in the adoption of particular e-motor technologies, especially as global supply chains grow more integrated and resilient. The insights presented offer value to researchers and policymakers seeking to better understand the factors influencing electric motor adoption, while also serving as a contemporary reference for industry stakeholders navigating the ongoing transition toward electric mobility.