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Fueling Protocols for Light Duty Gaseous Hydrogen Surface Vehicles
- Ground Vehicle Standard
- J2601_201612
- Revised
Downloadable datasets available
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Issuing Committee:
Language:
English
Scope
SAE J2601 establishes the protocol and process limits for hydrogen fueling of light duty vehicles. These process limits (including the fuel delivery temperature, the maximum fuel flow rate, the rate of pressure increase and the ending pressure) are affected by factors such as ambient temperature, fuel delivery temperature and initial pressure in the vehicle’s compressed hydrogen storage system. SAE J2601 establishes standard fueling protocols based on either a look-up table approach utilizing a fixed pressure ramp rate, or a formula based approach utilizing a dynamic pressure ramp rate continuously calculated throughout the fill. Both protocols allow for fueling with communications or without communications. The table-based protocol provides a fixed end-of-fill pressure target, whereas the formula-based protocol calculates the end-of-fill pressure target continuously. For fueling with communications, this standard is to be used in conjunction with SAE J2799, Hydrogen Surface Vehicle to Station Communications Hardware and Software.
An important factor in the performance of hydrogen fueling is the station’s dispensing equipment cooling capability and the resultant fuel delivery temperature. There are three fuel delivery temperature categories denoted by a “T” rating - T40, T30, and T20, where T40 is the coldest. Under reference conditions, SAE J2601 has a performance target of a fueling time of 3 minutes and a State of Charge (SOC) of 95–100% (with communications), which can be achieved with a T40 rated dispenser. However, with higher fuel delivery temperature dispenser ratings (T30 or T20) and/or at high ambient temperatures, fueling times may be longer.
Table 1 below depicts the scope of SAE J2601 and potential work items for future revisions within this or other documents of the J2601 series. SAE J2601 includes protocols which are applicable for two pressure classes (35 and 70 MPa), three fuel delivery temperatures categories (−40 °C, −30 °C, −20 °C) and compressed hydrogen storage system sizes from 49.7 to 248.6 L. Future versions of SAE J2601work may incorporate warmer fuel delivery temperatures (−10 °C and ambient) and smaller compressed hydrogen storage systems for motorcycles and other light duty applications.
The fueling protocols herein were developed based on a set of key assumptions described in Section 7 and Appendix A. These assumptions should be carefully considered in the development and implementation of an on-board compressed hydrogen storage system. In particular, hydrogen storage systems with properties which do not fall within the parameters in Table A3 should be further evaluated to confirm compatibility with the protocols herein.
Rationale
SAE J2601 has been revised in order to incorporate the formula-based protocol, published in Appendix H of SAE J2601_2014 as a development protocol, into the main body of SAE J2601 as a standard protocol alongside the table based protocol.
Recommended Content
Technical Paper | Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vehicle Safety in Buildings |
Ground Vehicle Standard | Fueling Protocols for Light Duty Gaseous Hydrogen Surface Vehicles |
Technical Paper | Water and Heat Balance in a Fuel Cell Vehicle with a Sodium Borohydride Hydrogen Fuel Processor |
Data Sets - Support Documents
Title | Description | Download |
---|---|---|
Table 1 | Content of the SAE J2601 | |
Unnamed Dataset 2 | ||
Unnamed Dataset 3 | ||
Unnamed Dataset 4 | ||
Unnamed Dataset 5 | ||
Unnamed Dataset 6 | ||
Unnamed Dataset 7 | ||
Table 2 | Sample fueling table, 4–7 kg volume category/H70-T40 with communications | |
Table 3 | Fuel delivery temperature categories per pressure classes | |
Table 4 | CHSS capacity categories | |
Table 6 | Cold dispenser (CD) look-up tables overview for | |
Table 7 | Sample fueling table, cold dispenser, 4–7 kg volume category/H70-T40 with communications | |
Table 8 | Fuel delivery temperature categories per pressure classes | |
Table 9 | SAE J2601, CHSS capacity categories | |
Table A1 | Assumptions for “hot soak” and “cold soak” zones | |
Table A2 | Station & vehicle fuel line components | |
Table A3 | CHSS vessels | |
Table A4 | Assumptions for “hot soak” and “cold soak” zones | |
Table D1 | H35-T40: 1.2 – 2.4kg Non-communications | |
Table D2 | H35-T30: 1.2 – 2.4kg Non-communications | |
Table D3 | H35-T20: 1.2 – 2.4kg Non-communications | |
Table D4 | H35-T40: 1.2 – 2.4kg Communications | |
Table D5 | H35-T30: 1.2 – 2.4kg Communications | |
Table D6 | H35-T20: 1.2 – 2.4kg Communications | |
Table D7 | H35-T40: 2.4 – 4.2kg Non-communications | |
Table D8 | H35-T30: 2.4 – 4.2kg Non-communications | |
Table D9 | H35-T20: 2.4 – 4.2kg Non-communications | |
Table D10 | H35-T40: 2.4 – 4.2kg Communications | |
Table D11 | H35-T30: 2.4 – 4.2kg Communications | |
Table D12 | H35-T20: 2.4 – 4.2kg Communications | |
Table D13 | H35-T40: 4.2–6.0 kg Non-Communications | |
Table D14 | H35-T30: 4.2–6.0 kg Non-Communications | |
Table D15 | H35-T20: 4.2–6.0 kg Non-Communications | |
Table D16 | H35-T40: 4.2–6.0 kg Communications | |
Table D17 | H35-T30: 4.2–6.0 kg Communications | |
Table D18 | H35-T20: 4.2–6.0 kg Communications | |
Table D19 | H70-T40 2–4kg Non-Communications | |
Table D20 | H70-T30 2–4kg Non-Communications | |
Table D21 | H70-T20 2–4kg Non-Communications | |
Table D22 | H70-T40 2–4kg Communications | |
Table D23 | H70-T30 2–4kg Communications | |
Table D24 | H70-T20 2–4kg Communications | |
Table D25 | H70-T40 4–7kg Non-Communications | |
Table D26 | H70-T30 4–7kg Non-Communications | |
Table D27 | H70-T20 4–7kg Non-Communications | |
Table D28 | H70-T40 4–7kg Communications | |
Table D29 | H70-T30 4–7kg Communications | |
Table D30 | H70-T20 4–7kg Communications | |
Table D31 | H70-T40 7–10kg Non-Communications | |
Table D32 | H70-T30 7–10kg Non-Communications | |
Table D33 | H70-T20 7–10kg Non-Communications | |
Table D34 | H70-T40 7–10kg Communications | |
Table D35 | H70-T30 7–10kg Communications | |
Table D36 | H70-T20 7–10kg Communications | |
Table E1 | H70-T40 2–4kg Communications (CD 0 °C) | |
Table E2 | H70-T30 2–4kg Communications (CD 0 °C) | |
Table E3 | H70-T40 4–7 kg Communications (CD 0 °C) | |
Table E4 | H70-T30 4–7 kg Communications (CD 0 °C) | |
Table E5 | H70-T40 7–10 kg Communications (CD 0 °C) | |
Table E6 | H70-T30 7–10 kg Communications (CD 0 °C) | |
Table E7 | H70-T40 2–4kg Communications (CD −10 °C) | |
Table E8 | H70-T30 2–4kg Communications (CD −10 °C) | |
Table E9 | H70-T40 4–7 kg Communications (CD −10 °C) | |
Table E10 | H70-T30 4–7 kg Communications (CD −10 °C) | |
Table E11 | H70-T40 7–10 kg Communications (CD −10 °C) | |
Table E12 | H70-T30 7–10 kg Communications (CD −10 °C) | |
Table E13 | H70-T40 2–4kg Non-Communications (CD 0 °C) | |
Table E14 | H70-T30 2–4kg Non-Communications (CD 0 °C) | |
Table E15 | H70-T40 4–7 kg Non-Communications (CD 0 °C) | |
Table E16 | H70-T30 4–7 kg Non-Communications (CD 0 °C) | |
Table E17 | H70-T40 7–10 kg Non-Communications (CD 0 °C) | |
Table E18 | H70-T30 7–10 kg Non-Communications (CD 0 °C) | |
Table E19 | H70-T40 2–4kg Non-Communications (CD −10 °C) | |
Table E20 | H70-T30 2–4kg Non-Communications (CD −10 °C) | |
Table E21 | H70-T40 4–7 kg Non-Communications (CD −10 °C) | |
Table E22 | H70-T30 4–7 kg Non-Communications (CD −10 °C) | |
Table E23 | H70-T40 7–10 kg Non-Communications (CD −10 °C) | |
Table E24 | H70-T30 7–10 kg Non-Communications (CD −10 °C) | |
Table F1 | Pressure levels and fault management from SAE J2579 | |
Table H1 | Matrix of Fueling Simulation Conditions | |
Table H2 | t as a function of CHSS Volume Category and P | |
Table H3 | Conditions of Fueling Simulations on 70 MPa Cold Case CHSS | |
Table H4 | Example Output from Fueling Simulation No. 1 on 70 MPa Cold Case CHSS | |
Table H5 | Final values of MC equation coefficients | |
Table H6 | Relationship of General MC Method Nomenclature to that of Cold Case Nomenclature | |
Table J1 | Table of coefficients for 49.7 liter boundary CHSS with CD = FALSE and Pmin = 0.5 | |
Table J2 | Table of coefficients for 99.4 liter boundary CHSS with CD = FALSE and Pmin = 0.5 | |
Table J3 | Table of coefficients for 174.0 liter boundary CHSS with CD = FALSE and Pmin = 0.5 | |
Table J4 | Table of coefficients for 248.6 liter boundary CHSS with CD = FALSE and Pmin = 0.5 | |
Table J5 | Table of coefficients for 49.7 liter boundary CHSS with CD = FALSE and Pmin = 5 | |
Table J6 | Table of coefficients for 99.4 liter boundary CHSS with CD = FALSE and Pmin = 5 | |
Table J7 | Table of coefficients for 174.0 liter boundary CHSS with CD = FALSE and Pmin = 5 | |
Table J8 | Table of coefficients for 248.6 liter boundary CHSS with CD = FALSE and Pmin = 5 | |
Table J9 | (Cold Dispenser) Table of coefficients for 49.7 liter boundary CHSS with CD = TRUE and Pmin = 0.5 | |
Table J10 | (Cold Dispenser) Table of coefficients for 99.4 liter boundary CHSS with CD = TRUE and Pmin = 0.5 | |
Table J11 | (Cold Dispenser) Table of coefficients for 174.0 liter boundary CHSS with CD = TRUE and Pmin = 0.5 | |
Table J12 | (Cold Dispenser) Table of coefficients for 248.6 liter boundary CHSS with CD = TRUE and Pmin = 0.5 | |
Table J13 | (Cold Dispenser) Table of coefficients for 49.7 liter boundary CHSS with CD = TRUE and Pmin = 5 | |
Table J14 | (Cold Dispenser) Table of coefficients for 99.4 liter boundary CHSS with CD = TRUE and Pmin = 5 | |
Table J15 | (Cold Dispenser) Table of coefficients for 174.0 liter boundary CHSS with CD = TRUE and Pmin = 5 | |
Table J16 | (Cold Dispenser) Table of coefficients for 248.6 liter boundary CHSS with CD = TRUE and Pmin = 5 | |
Table J17 | Effect of the Setting of PRR on the Maximum Pressure Ramp Rate PRR | |
Table J19 | Reference values for t based on coefficients | |
Table J20 | Reference values for t based on coefficients | |
Table J21 | Reference values for t based on coefficients | |
Table J22 | Reference values for t based on coefficients | |
Table J23 | Reference values for t based on coefficients | |
Table J24 | Reference values for t based on coefficients | |
Table J25 | Reference values for t based on coefficients | |
Table J26 | Reference values for t based on coefficients | |
Table J27 | Reference values for t based on coefficients | |
Table J28 | Reference values for t based on coefficients | |
Table J29 | Reference values for t based on coefficients | |
Table J30 | Reference values for t based on coefficients | |
Table J31 | Reference values for t based on coefficients | |
Table J32 | Reference values for t based on coefficients | |
Table J33 | Reference values for t based on coefficients | |
Table J34 | Reference values for t based on coefficients | |
Table K1 | MC Formula Non-Communication Pressure Targets (H70–T40, CHSS Capacity Category A) | |
Table K2 | MC Formula Non-Communication Pressure Targets (H70–T40, CHSS Capacity Category B) | |
Table K3 | MC Formula Non-Communication Pressure Targets (H70–T40, CHSS Capacity Category C) | |
Table K4 | MC Formula Non-Communication Pressure Targets (H70–T30, CHSS Capacity Category A) | |
Table K5 | MC Formula Non-Communication Pressure Targets (H70–T30, CHSS Capacity Category B) | |
Table K6 | MC Formula Non-Communication Pressure Targets (H70–T30, CHSS Capacity Category C) | |
Table K7 | MC Formula Non-Communication Pressure Targets (H70–T20, CHSS Capacity Category A) | |
Table K8 | MC Formula Non-Communication Pressure Targets (H70–T20, CHSS Capacity Category B) | |
Table K9 | MC Formula Non-Communication Pressure Targets (H70–T20, CHSS Capacity Category C) | |
Table K10 | MC Formula Non-Communication Pressure Targets (H70–T40, Cold Disp CHSS Capacity Category A) | |
Table K11 | MC Formula Non-Communication Pressure Targets (H70–T40, Cold Disp CHSS Capacity Category B) | |
Table K12 | MC Formula Non-Communication Pressure Targets (H70–T40, Cold Disp CHSS Capacity Category C) | |
Table K13 | MC Formula Non-Communication Pressure Targets (H70–T30, Cold Disp CHSS Capacity Category A) | |
Table K14 | MC Formula Non-Communication Pressure Targets (H70–T30, Cold Disp CHSS Capacity Category B) | |
Table K15 | MC Formula Non-Communication Pressure Targets (H70–T30, Cold Disp CHSS Capacity Category C) | |
Table K16 | MC Formula Non-Communication Pressure Targets (H70–T20, Cold Disp CHSS Capacity Category A) | |
Table K17 | MC Formula Non-Communication Pressure Targets (H70–T20, Cold Disp CHSS Capacity Category B) | |
Table K18 | MC Formula Non-Communication Pressure Targets (H70–T20, Cold Disp CHSS Capacity Category C) | |
Table K19 | MC Formula Non-Communication Pressure Targets (H35–T40, CHSS Capacity Category A) | |
Table K20 | MC Formula Non-Communication Pressure Targets (H35–T40, CHSS Capacity Category B) | |
Table K21 | MC Formula Non-Communication Pressure Targets (H35–T40, CHSS Capacity Category C) | |
Table K22 | MC Formula Non-Communication Pressure Targets (H35–T30, CHSS Capacity Category A) | |
Table K23 | MC Formula Non-Communication Pressure Targets (H35–T30, CHSS Capacity Category B) | |
Table K24 | MC Formula Non-Communication Pressure Targets (H35–T30, CHSS Capacity Category C) | |
Table K25 | MC Formula Non-Communication Pressure Targets (H35–T20, CHSS Capacity Category A) | |
Table K26 | MC Formula Non-Communication Pressure Targets (H35–T20, CHSS Capacity Category B) | |
Table K27 | MC Formula Non-Communication Pressure Targets (H35–T20, CHSS Capacity Category C) | |
Table K28 | MC Formula Communication Pressure Limits (H70–T40, CHSS Capacity Category A) | |
Table K29 | MC Formula Communication Pressure Limits (H70–T40, CHSS Capacity Category B) | |
Table K30 | MC Formula Communication Pressure Limits (H70–T40, CHSS Capacity Category C) | |
Table K31 | MC Formula Communication Pressure Limits (H70–T30, CHSS Capacity Category A) | |
Table K32 | MC Formula Communication Pressure Limits (H70–T30, CHSS Capacity Category B) | |
Table K33 | MC Formula Communication Pressure Limits (H70–T30, CHSS Capacity Category C) | |
Table K34 | MC Formula Communication Pressure Limits (H70–T20, CHSS Capacity Category A) | |
Table K35 | MC Formula Communication Pressure Limits (H70–T20, CHSS Capacity Category B) | |
Table K36 | MC Formula Communication Pressure Limits (H70–T20, CHSS Capacity Category C) | |
Table K37 | MC Formula Communication Pressure Limits (H70–T40, Cold Disp CHSS Capacity Category A) | |
Table K38 | MC Formula Communication Pressure Limits (H70–T40, Cold Disp CHSS Capacity Category B) | |
Table K39 | MC Formula Communication Pressure Limits (H70–T40, Cold Disp CHSS Capacity Category C) | |
Table K40 | MC Formula Communication Pressure Limits (H70–T30, Cold Disp CHSS Capacity Category A) | |
Table K41 | MC Formula Communication Pressure Limits (H70–T30, Cold Disp CHSS Capacity Category B) | |
Table K42 | MC Formula Communication Pressure Limits (H70–T30, Cold Disp CHSS Capacity Category C) | |
Table K43 | MC Formula Communication Pressure Limits (H70–T20, Cold Disp CHSS Capacity Category A) | |
Table K44 | MC Formula Communication Pressure Limits (H70–T20, Cold Disp CHSS Capacity Category B) | |
Table K45 | MC Formula Communication Pressure Limits (H70–T20, Cold Disp CHSS Capacity Category C) | |
Table K46 | MC Formula Communication Pressure Limits (H35–T40, CHSS Capacity Category A) | |
Table K47 | MC Formula Communication Pressure Limits (H35–T40, CHSS Capacity Category B) | |
Table K48 | MC Formula Communication Pressure Limits (H35–T40, CHSS Capacity Category C) | |
Table K49 | MC Formula Communication Pressure Limits (H35–T30, CHSS Capacity Category A) | |
Table K50 | MC Formula Communication Pressure Limits (H35–T30, CHSS Capacity Category B) | |
Table K51 | MC Formula Communication Pressure Limits (H35–T30, CHSS Capacity Category C) | |
Table K52 | MC Formula Communication Pressure Limits (H35–T20, CHSS Capacity Category A) | |
Table K53 | MC Formula Communication Pressure Limits (H35–T20, CHSS Capacity Category B) | |
Table K54 | MC Formula Communication Pressure Limits (H35–T20, CHSS Capacity Category C) |
Issuing Committee
The Fuel Cell Standards Committee is responsible for establishing standards for hydrogen and fuel cell vehicles. Standards will cover the safety aspects of hydrogen, fuel cell, and electrical systems in the vehicle, test procedures to establish the performance of the vehicle, system/components, and interface requirements.
Reference
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