This document describes a process for testing the comprehension of symbols or icons. Although the process may be used to test any symbols or icons, it has been developed specifically for testing ITS active safety symbols or icons (e.g., collision avoidance), or other symbols or icons that reflect some in-vehicle ITS message or function (e.g., navigation, motorist services, infotainment). Within the process, well-defined criteria are used to identify the extent to which the perceived meaning matches the intended meaning for a representative sample of drivers. Though the process described below reflects a paper-and-pencil approach to conducting the testing, electronic means (i.e., conducted using a computer) can be used as well. The data or results from this process are analyzed to assess the drivers’ comprehension of the symbol or icon. These data will be used to provide guidance in the design of in-vehicle symbols or icons.
Rationale
Icons and symbols can be used to communicate information to the driver in a manner that is not dependent on language and can save valuable space on in-vehicle displays. Incomprehensible icons, however, have the potential to negatively affect safety (e.g., if the driver does not understand the icon). Despite the ubiquity of icons and symbols within the in-vehicle environment, few guidelines exist for testing of icons and symbols. Key shortcomings of existing icon testing procedures include: a lack of contextual information provided to experimental subjects, over-reliance on evaluator judgment regarding how well an experimental subject comprehended an icon’s meaning, and a lack of prescriptive information—feedback to icon designers regarding how individual icons could be improved based on the results of comprehension testing.
The Safety & Human Factors Steering Committee reports to the Motor Vehicle Council. The steering committee oversees SAE standard, recommended practice, and information report development and maintenance of its subcommittees, which include safety-related topics involving driver performance and interactions with vehicles and driving automation systems. The steering committee and subcommittees are responsible for human factors challenges in evaluation methods, human-machine interface design criteria, and user-automation system interaction. The steering committee provides input to the ISO TC22/SC39 Road Vehicle - Ergonomics subcommittee.
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Process for Comprehension Testing of In-Vehicle Icons
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