Fueling Protocols for Light Duty Gaseous Hydrogen Surface Vehicles

Ground Vehicle Standard
J2601_202005
Revised

Published May 29, 2020 by SAE International in United States

Sector:

Automotive

Issuing Committee:

Fuel Cell Standards Committee

Language: English

Scope

SAE J2601 establishes the protocol and process limits for hydrogen fueling of vehicles with total volume capacities greater than or equal to 49.7 L. These process limits (including the fuel delivery temperature, the maximum fuel flow rate, the rate of pressure increase, and the ending pressure) are affected by factors such as ambient temperature, fuel delivery temperature, and initial pressure in the vehicle’s compressed hydrogen storage system. SAE J2601 establishes standard fueling protocols based on either a look-up table approach utilizing a fixed pressure ramp rate, or a formula-based approach utilizing a dynamic pressure ramp rate continuously calculated throughout the fill. Both protocols allow for fueling with communications or without communications. The table-based protocol provides a fixed end-of-fill pressure target, whereas the formula-based protocol calculates the end-of-fill pressure target continuously. For fueling with communications, this standard is to be used in conjunction with SAE J2799.

An important factor in the performance of hydrogen fueling is the station’s dispensing equipment cooling capability and the resultant fuel delivery temperature. There are three fuel delivery temperature categories denoted by a “T” rating: T40, T30, and T20, where T40 is the coldest. Under reference conditions, SAE J2601 has a performance target of a fueling time of 3 minutes and a state of charge (SOC) of 95 to 100% (with communications), which can be achieved with a T40-rated dispenser. However, with higher fuel delivery temperature dispenser ratings (T30 or T20) and/or at high ambient temperatures, fueling times may be longer.

Table 1 depicts the scope of SAE J2601 and potential work items for future revisions within this or other documents of the SAE J2601 series. SAE J2601 includes protocols which are applicable for two pressure classes (35 MPa and 70 MPa), three fuel delivery temperatures categories (-40 °C, -30 °C, -20 °C) and compressed hydrogen storage system sizes (total volume classification) from 49.7 to 248.6 L (35 MPa ➔ H35, and 70 MPa ➔ H70), and from 248.6 L and above (H70 only). Future versions of SAE J2601 work may incorporate warmer fuel delivery temperatures (-10 °C and ambient) and smaller total volume capacities for motorcycles and other applications.

The fueling protocols herein were developed based on a set of key assumptions described in Section 7 and Appendix A. These assumptions should be carefully considered in the development and implementation of an on-board compressed hydrogen storage system. In particular, hydrogen storage systems with properties which do not fall within the parameters in Table A3 should be further evaluated to confirm compatibility with the protocols herein.

Rationale

SAE J2601 has been revised in order to incorporate an extension of the compressed hydrogen storage system sizes above 248.6 L (>10 kg) for H70 only. Additionally, revisions have been made to clarify certain requirements and to enhance the usability of the protocols, based on field experience.

Data Sets - Support Documents

Title	Description	Download
Table 1	Content of the SAE J2601
Unnamed Dataset 2
Unnamed Dataset 3
Unnamed Dataset 4
Unnamed Dataset 5
Unnamed Dataset 6
Unnamed Dataset 7
Unnamed Dataset 8
Table 2	Sample fueling table, CHSS Capacity Category B/H70-T40 with communications
Table 3	Fuel delivery temperature categories per pressure classes
Unnamed Dataset 11
Table 4	CHSS capacity categories
Table 5	Cold dispenser (CD) look-up tables overview for
Table 6	Sample fueling table, cold dispenser, CHSS Capacity Category B/H70-T40 with communications
Table 7	Fuel delivery temperature categories per pressure classes
Unnamed Dataset 16
Table 8	SAE J2601, CHSS capacity categories
Table A1	Assumptions for “hot soak” and “cold soak” zones
Table A2	Station and vehicle fuel line components
Table A3	CHSS vessels
Table A4	Assumptions for “hot soak” and “cold soak” zones
Unnamed Dataset 22
Unnamed Dataset 23
Table D1	H35-T40: CHSS Capacity Category A non-communications
Table D2	H35-T30: CHSS Capacity Category A non-communications
Table D3	H35-T20: CHSS Capacity Category A non-communications
Table D4	H35-T40: CHSS Capacity Category A communications
Table D5	H35-T30: CHSS Capacity Category A communications
Table D6	H35-T20: CHSS Capacity Category A communications
Table D7	H35-T40: CHSS Capacity Category B non-communications
Table D8	H35-T30: CHSS Capacity Category B non-communications
Table D9	H35-T20: CHSS Capacity Category B non-communications
Table D10	H35-T40: CHSS Capacity Category B communications
Table D11	H35-T30: CHSS Capacity Category B communications
Table D12	H35-T20: CHSS Capacity Category B communications
Table D13	H35-T40: CHSS Capacity Category C non-communications
Table D14	H35-T30: CHSS Capacity Category C non-communications
Table D15	H35-T20: CHSS Capacity Category C non-communications
Table D16	H35-T40: CHSS Capacity Category C communications
Table D17	H35-T30: CHSS Capacity Category C communications
Table D18	H35-T20: CHSS Capacity Category C communications
Table D19	H70-T40: CHSS Capacity Category A non-communications
Table D20	H70-T30: CHSS Capacity Category A non-communications
Table D21	H70-T20: CHSS Capacity Category A non-communications
Table D22	H70-T40: CHSS Capacity Category A communications
Table D23	H70-T30: CHSS Capacity Category A communications
Table D24	H70-T20: CHSS Capacity Category A communications
Table D25	H70-T40: Capacity Category B non-communications
Table D26	H70-T30: Capacity Category B non-communications
Table D27	H70-T20: Capacity Category B non-communications
Table D28	H70-T40: Capacity Category B communications
Table D29	H70-T30: Capacity Category B communications
Table D30	H70-T20: Capacity Category B communications
Table D31	H70-T40: Capacity Category C non-communications
Table D32	H70-T30: Capacity Category C non-communications
Table D33	H70-T20: Capacity Category C non-communications
Table D34	H70-T40: Capacity Category C communications
Table D35	H70-T30: Capacity Category C communications
Table D36	H70-T20: Capacity Category C communications
Table D37	H70-T40D: Capacity Category D non-communications
Table D38	H70-T30D: Capacity Category D non-communications
Table D39	H70-T20D: Capacity Category D non-communications
Table D40	H70-T40D: Capacity Category D communications
Table D41	H70-T30D: Capacity Category D communications
Table D42	H70-T20D: Capacity Category D communications
Unnamed Dataset 66
Unnamed Dataset 67
Table E1	H70-T40 CHSS Capacity Category A communications (CD 0 °C)
Table E2	H70-T30 CHSS Capacity Category A communications (CD 0 °C)
Table E3	H70-T40 CHSS Capacity Category B communications (CD 0 °C)
Table E4	H70-T30 CHSS Capacity Category B communications (CD 0 °C)
Table E5	H70-T40 CHSS Capacity Category C communications (CD 0 °C)
Table E6	H70-T30 CHSS Capacity Category C communications (CD 0 °C)
Table E7	H70-T40 CHSS Capacity Category A communications (CD -10 °C)
Table E8	H70-T30 CHSS Capacity Category A communications (CD -10 °C)
Table E9	H70-T40 CHSS Capacity Category B communications (CD -10 °C)
Table E10	H70-T30 CHSS Capacity Category B communications (CD -10 °C)
Table E11	H70-T40 CHSS Capacity Category C communications (CD -10 °C)
Table E12	H70-T30 CHSS Capacity Category C communications (CD -10 °C)
Table F1	Pressure levels and fault management from SAE J2579
Table G1	Table of conservative APRR
Table G2	Truncated table of conservative target pressures
Table H1	Matrix of fueling simulation conditions
Table H2	t as a function of CHSS volume category and P
Table H3	Conditions of fueling simulations on 70 MPa cold case CHSS
Table H4	Example output from fueling simulation No. 1 on 70 MPa cold case CHSS
Table H5	Final values of MC equation coefficients
Table H6	Relationship of general MC Method nomenclature to that of cold case nomenclature
Unnamed Dataset 89
Table J1	Table of coefficients for 49.7 L boundary CHSS with CD = FALSE and Pmin = 0.5
Table J2	Table of coefficients for 99.4 L boundary CHSS with CD = FALSE and Pmin = 0.5
Table J3	Table of coefficients for 174.0 L boundary CHSS with CD = FALSE and Pmin = 0.5
Table J4	Table of coefficients for 248.6 L boundary CHSS with CD = FALSE and Pmin = 0.5
Table J5	Table of coefficients for 49.7 L boundary CHSS with CD = FALSE and Pmin = 5
Table J6	Table of coefficients for 99.4 L boundary CHSS with CD = FALSE and Pmin = 5
Table J7	Table of coefficients for 174.0 L boundary CHSS with CD = FALSE and Pmin = 5
Table J8	Table of coefficients for 248.6 Lboundary CHSS with CD = FALSE and Pmin = 5
Table J9	(Cold dispenser) table of coefficients for 49.7 L boundary CHSS with CD = TRUE and Pmin = 0.5
Table J10	(Cold dispenser) table of coefficients for 99.4 L boundary CHSS with CD = TRUE and Pmin = 0.5
Table J11	(Cold dispenser) table of coefficients for 174.0 L boundary CHSS with CD = TRUE and Pmin = 0.5
Table J12	(Cold dispenser) table of coefficients for 248.6 L boundary CHSS with CD = TRUE and Pmin = 0.5
Table J13	(Cold dispenser) table of coefficients for 49.7 L boundary CHSS with CD = TRUE and Pmin = 5
Table J14	(Cold dispenser) table of coefficients for 99.4 L boundary CHSS with CD = TRUE and Pmin = 5
Table J15	(Cold dispenser) table of coefficients for 174.0 L boundary CHSS with CD = TRUE and Pmin = 5
Table J16	(Cold dispenser) table of coefficients for 248.6 L boundary CHSS with CD = TRUE and Pmin = 5
Table J17	Effect of the setting of PRR on the maximum pressure ramp rate PRR
Unnamed Dataset 107
Unnamed Dataset 108
Unnamed Dataset 109
Unnamed Dataset 110
Unnamed Dataset 111
Unnamed Dataset 112
Table J18	Reference values for t based on coefficients
Table J19	Reference values for t based on coefficients
Table J20	Reference values for t based on coefficients
Table J21	Reference values for t based on coefficients
Table J22	Reference values for t based on coefficients
Table J23	Reference values for t based on coefficients
Table J24	Reference values for t based on coefficients
Table J25	Reference values for t based on coefficients
Table J26	Reference values for t based on coefficients
Table J27	Reference values for t based on coefficients
Table J28	Reference values for t based on coefficients
Table J29	Reference values for t based on coefficients
Table J30	Reference values for t based on coefficients
Table J31	Reference values for t based on coefficients
Table J32	Reference values for t based on coefficients
Table J33	Reference values for t based on coefficients
Table K1	MC Formula non-communication pressure targets (H70-T40, CHSS Capacity Category A)
Table K2	MC Formula non-communication pressure targets (H70-T40, CHSS Capacity Category B)
Table K3	MC Formula non-communication pressure targets (H70-T40, CHSS Capacity Category C)
Table K4	MC Formula non-communication pressure targets (H70-T30, CHSS Capacity Category A)
Table K5	MC Formula non-communication pressure targets (H70-T30, CHSS Capacity Category B)
Table K6	MC Formula non-communication pressure targets (H70-T30, CHSS Capacity Category C)
Table K7	MC Formula non-communication pressure targets (H70-T20, CHSS Capacity Category A)
Table K8	MC Formula non-communication pressure targets (H70-T20, CHSS Capacity Category B)
Table K9	MC Formula non-communication pressure targets (H70-T20, CHSS Capacity Category C)
Table K10	MC Formula non-communication pressure targets (H70, CHSS Capacity Category D)
Table K11	MC Formula non-communication pressure targets (H35-T40, CHSS Capacity Category A)
Table K12	MC Formula non-communication pressure targets (H35-T40, CHSS Capacity Category B)
Table K13	MC Formula non-communication pressure targets (H35-T40, CHSS Capacity Category C)
Table K14	MC Formula non-communication pressure targets (H35-T30, CHSS Capacity Category A)
Table K15	MC Formula non-communication pressure targets (H35-T30, CHSS Capacity Category B)
Table K16	MC Formula non-communication pressure targets (H35-T30, CHSS Capacity Category C)
Table K17	MC Formula non-communication pressure targets (H35-T20, CHSS Capacity Category A)
Table K18	MC Formula non-communication pressure targets (H35-T20, CHSS Capacity Category B)
Table K19	MC Formula non-communication pressure targets (H35-T20, CHSS Capacity Category C)
Table K20	MC Formula communication pressure limits (H70-T40, CHSS Capacity Category A)
Table K21	MC Formula communication pressure limits (H70-T40, CHSS Capacity Category B)
Table K22	MC Formula communication pressure limits (H70-T40, CHSS Capacity Category C)
Table K23	MC Formula communication pressure limits (H70-T30, CHSS Capacity Category A)
Table K24	MC Formula communication pressure limits (H70-T30, CHSS Capacity Category B)
Table K25	MC Formula communication pressure limits (H70-T30, CHSS Capacity Category C)
Table K26	MC Formula communication pressure limits (H70-T20, CHSS Capacity Category A)
Table K27	MC Formula communication pressure limits (H70-T20, CHSS Capacity Category B)
Table K28	MC Formula communication pressure limits (H70-T20, CHSS Capacity Category C)
Table K29	MC Formula communication pressure limits (H70-T40, CHSS Capacity Category D)
Table K30	MC Formula communication pressure limits (H70-T30, CHSS Capacity Category D)
Table K31	MC Formula communication pressure limits (H70-T20, CHSS Capacity Category D)
Table K32	MC Formula communication pressure limits (H70-T40, cold disp CHSS Capacity Category A)
Table K33	MC Formula communication pressure limits (H70-T40, cold disp CHSS Capacity Category B)
Table K34	MC Formula communication pressure limits (H70-T40, cold disp CHSS Capacity Category C)
Table K35	MC Formula communication pressure limits (H70-T30, cold disp CHSS Capacity Category A)
Table K36	MC Formula communication pressure limits (H70-T30, cold disp CHSS Capacity Category B)
Table K37	MC Formula communication pressure limits (H70-T30, cold disp CHSS Capacity Category C)
Table K38	MC Formula communication pressure limits (H70-T20, cold disp CHSS Capacity Category A)
Table K39	MC Formula communication pressure limits (H70-T20, cold disp CHSS Capacity Category B)
Table K40	MC Formula communication pressure limits (H70-T20, cold disp CHSS Capacity Category C)
Table K41	MC Formula communication pressure limits (H35-T40, CHSS Capacity Category A)
Table K42	MC Formula communication pressure limits (H35-T40, CHSS Capacity Category B)
Table K43	MC Formula communication pressure limits (H35-T40, CHSS Capacity Category C)
Table K44	MC Formula communication pressure limits (H35-T30, CHSS Capacity Category A)
Table K45	MC Formula communication pressure limits (H35-T30, CHSS Capacity Category B)
Table K46	MC Formula communication pressure limits (H35-T30, CHSS Capacity Category C)
Table K47	MC Formula communication pressure limits (H35-T20, CHSS Capacity Category A)
Table K48	MC Formula communication pressure limits (H35-T20, CHSS Capacity Category B)
Table K49	MC Formula communication pressure limits (H35-T20, CHSS Capacity Category C)

Reference

Number	Title
2005-01-0002	Gaseous Hydrogen Station Test Apparatus: Verification of Hydrogen Dispenser Performance Utilizing Vehicle Representative Test Cylinders
2012-01-1223	Application of MC Method-Based H2 Fueling
2013-01-0474	Understanding of Thermal Characteristics of Fueling Hydrogen High Pressure Tanks and Governing Parameters
2014-01-1833	This document is not part of the subscrption.
API RP 2003	This document is not part of the subscrption.
CSA HGV 4.1	This document is not part of the subscrption.
CSA HGV 4.10	This document is not part of the subscrption.
CSA HGV 4.2	This document is not part of the subscrption.
CSA HGV 4.3	This document is not part of the subscrption.
CSA HGV 4.4	This document is not part of the subscrption.
CSA HGV 4.5	This document is not part of the subscrption.
CSA HGV 4.6	This document is not part of the subscrption.
CSA HGV 4.7	This document is not part of the subscrption.
CSA HGV 4.8	This document is not part of the subscrption.
EN50014	This document is not part of the subscrption.
EN60079	This document is not part of the subscrption.
IEC 61508	This document is not part of the subscrption.
IEC 62061	This document is not part of the subscrption.
ISO 13849-1	This document is not part of the subscrption.
ISO 14687-2	This document is not part of the subscrption.
J2574_201109	Fuel Cell Vehicle Terminology
J2578_201408	Recommended Practice for General Fuel Cell Vehicle Safety
J2579_201303	Standard for Fuel Systems in Fuel Cell and Other Hydrogen Vehicles
J2600_201510	Compressed Hydrogen Surface Vehicle Fueling Connection Devices
J2719_201109	Hydrogen Fuel Quality for Fuel Cell Vehicles
J2799_201404	Hydrogen Surface Vehicle to Station Communications Hardware and Software
MIL-HDBK-310	This document is not part of the subscrption.
MIL-STD-810	This document is not part of the subscrption.
RFC1171	This document is not part of the subscrption.

2020-05-29	\|	J2601_202005
2016-12-06	\|	J2601_201612
2014-07-15	\|	J2601_201407
2010-03-16	\|	J2601_201003

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Fueling Protocols for Light Duty Gaseous Hydrogen Surface Vehicles

Scope

Rationale

Topic

Data Sets - Support Documents

Issuing Committee

Reference

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Revision History*