This SAE Recommended Practice presents recommendations for test fuels and fluids that can be used to simulate real world fuels. The use of standardized test fluids is required in order to limit the variability found in commercial fuels and fluids. Commercial fuels can vary substantially between manufacturers, batches, seasons, and geographic location. Further, standardized test fluids are universally available and will promote consistent test results for materials testing. Therefore, this document:
a
Explains commercial automotive fuel components
b
Defines standardized components of materials test fluids
c
Defines a nomenclature for test fluids
d
Describes handling and usage of test fuels
e
Recommends fluids for testing fuel system materials
The test fluid compositions specified in Section 7 of this document are recommended solely for evaluating materials. They are not intended for other activities, such as engine development, design verification, or process validation unless agreed upon by the contracting parties. Most marketplace fuels contain additives for such purposes as oxidation stability, intake and combustion chamber deposit control, anti-foaming, electrostatics, octane, corrosion mitigation, etc., applied at a parts per million basis. It is not the intention of this document to include a surrogate for the potential effects of these additives. As far as this committee is aware, current additives do not adversely affect fuel system materials. Those contemplating new or improved additives for future applications could use the basic test fluids or fuels from this document, and specify the fuel is to be unadditized in order to inject such additives and use the resulting mixtures to assess whether these new additives might affect fuel system materials.
For the purposes of this document, the term FUEL is used in conjunction with fully blended hydrocarbon or hydrocarbon oxygenate mixtures for use in commercial automotive engines. The term FLUID is applied to mixtures of specific controlled components used to simulate the effects of fuels.
Rationale
SAE J1681 recommends fuels and fluids to be used for materials testing and defines the quality specifications for the recommended test liquids. The test fuels, fluids, and recommendations have been updated to address the variety of potential feedstock sources, the oxidative instability of biodiesel fuels, and the potential mechanisms of chemical and physical attack on fuel system materials. The 2019 revision is completely reorganized to focus on fluid specifications rather than recipes and nomenclature.
The Fuel Systems Standards Committee reports to the Powertrain Systems Group of the Motor Vehicle Council. The Committee is responsible for developing and maintaining SAE Standards, Recommended Practices, and Information Reports related to all aspects of the vehicle fuel system from the connections to the engine back to the gas cap including the interface between the vehicle fuel system and refueling infrastructure at fueling stations. The Committee¿s scope only includes liquid fuels such as gasoline, diesel and alternative fuel blends, and, as a contributor to ISO work, the committee covers gaseous fuels such as natural gas, LPG and hydrogen. Participants in the SAE Fuel Systems Standards Committee include OEMs, suppliers, consulting firms, government, and other interested parties.
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Gasoline, Alcohol, and Diesel Fuel Surrogates for Materials Testing
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Gasoline, Alcohol, and Diesel Fuel Surrogates for Materials Testing
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