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Nonvolatile Exhaust Particle Measurement Techniques
- Aerospace Standard
- AIR5892B
- Stabilized
Downloadable datasets available
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Issuing Committee:
Language:
English
Scope
This SAE Aerospace Information Report (AIR) addresses procedures applicable to quantifying the emission of nonvolatile particulate matter at the exit plane of aircraft gas turbine engines. While both volatile and nonvolatile particulate matter (PM) are present in aircraft gas turbine exhaust, the methods used to measure nonvolatile particles are farther advanced and are addressed here.
Existing PM measurement regulations employ the SAE Smoke Number measurement (Reference 2.1.1), a stained filter technique used in evaluating visible emissions. The environmental and human health issues associated with submicronic PM emissions require more detailed measurement of the mass, size, and quantity of these particle emissions.
Responding to regulatory agency requests, this AIR describes measurement techniques that are well developed and could be applied to the measurement of aircraft engine particulate matter. The techniques discussed here are considered relevant for measuring particle parameters identified with environmental and health concerns.
The discussion that follows is based on research made while developing measurement techniques and in scientific and engineering experiments regarding PM emissions. The techniques are not yet used in routine aircraft engine certification. Future use in regulatory testing is likely to involve further refinements in methodology and application. It is planned that these refinements will be included in the subsequent publication of an Aerospace Recommended Practice.
The distinction between nonvolatile and volatile particle types is a critical task in the measurement of particles in aircraft engine exhaust. Appendix A, SAE E-31 Position Paper on Particle Matter Measurements, provides additional technical bases for the scope of this AIR. The measurement methods for volatile condensed particles in turbine exhaust will be covered in a subsequent report. Observations to date show that volatile particles occur mainly at diameters less than 10 nanometers (<10 nm) but may dominate in particle number density (PND).
Rationale
AIR5892A documents the non-volatile particulate matter (PM) measurement technologies that were mature and had aviation measurement experience as E-31 began its first steps in moving toward a non-volatile PM Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP). In addition to documentation of these potential candidate measurement techniques, AIR5892A includes an appendix which discusses the context and approach that E-31 planned on using in developing a non-volatile PM ARP. For these reasons, it will be useful and important for future SAE documents to be able to cite AIR5892A as a review of measurement techniques and of the context for making non-volatile measurement decisions. Since no equivalent document exists in the archival technical literature, having a stable SAE AIR5892A document available for citation will be useful for the future development of the anticipated ARP and for the future application of this ARP once it is published.
The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) has a Committee on Aviation Environmental Protection (CAEP) that has great interest in the development of a non-volatile PM measurement methodology. CAEP has shown significant and specific interest in both AIRs and ARPs in the area of non-volatile PM measurement. As such, ICAO's CAEP would also benefit greatly from having a stabilized, citable version of AIR5892A available.
Recommended Content
Topic
Data Sets - Support Documents
| Title | Description | Download |
|---|---|---|
| TABLE 1 | Methods for the Measurement of Particle Mass Concentrations in Aircraft Engine Exhaust | |
| TABLE 2 | Correlation of Smoke Number (SN) method and Multi-angle Absorption Photometry (MAAP) BC (b = 6.7 m g ) vs. TC (combustion method) and EC (multistep combustion) |
Issuing Committee
Reference
| Number | Title |
|---|---|
| ARP1179 | AIRCRAFT GAS TURBINE ENGINE EXHAUST SMOKE MEASUREMENT |
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