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A Comparison of Methods for Evaluating Automatic Transmission Fluid Effects on Friction Torque Capacity - A Study by the International Lubricant Standardization and Approval Committee (ILSAC) ATF Subcommittee
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Abstract
As part of the International Lubricant Standardization and Approval Committee's (ILSAC) goal of developing a global automatic transmission fluid (ATF) specification, members have been evaluating test methods that are currently used by various automotive manufacturers for qualifying ATF for use in their respective transmissions. This report deals with comparing test methods used for determining torque capacity in friction systems (shifting clutches). Three test methods were compared, the Plate Friction Test from the General Motors DEXRON®-III Specification, the Friction Durability Test from the Ford MERCON® Specification, and the Japanese Automotive Manufacturers Association Friction Test - JASO Method 348-95. Eight different fluids were evaluated. Friction parameters used in the comparison were breakaway friction, dynamic friction torque at midpoint and the end of engagement, and the ratio of end torque to midpoint torque. Correlation among the three test methods was relatively good in the early portions of the test procedures, however as tests progressed correlation deteriorated. A “severity index” was developed that might help explain the deterioration in correlation among the three test methods.
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Authors
- James L. Linden - General Motors Research and Development Center
- Jyunichi Doi - Mazda Motor Company
- Mitsumasa Furumoto - Honda Research and Development Company
- Nobuyoshi Hoshikawa - Fuji Heavy Industry Company
- Tracey King - Chrysler Corporation
- Hideo Kurashina - Mitsubishi Motors Corporation
- Yasuhiro Murakami - Nissan motor Company
- Joseph W. Sprys - Ford Motor Company
- Fumio Ueda - Toyota Motor Corporation
Topic
Citation
Linden, J., Doi, J., Furumoto, M., Hoshikawa, N. et al., "A Comparison of Methods for Evaluating Automatic Transmission Fluid Effects on Friction Torque Capacity - A Study by the International Lubricant Standardization and Approval Committee (ILSAC) ATF Subcommittee," SAE Technical Paper 982672, 1998, https://doi.org/10.4271/982672.Also In
References
- MERCON ® Automatic Transmission Fluid Specification Ford Motor Company Livonia Transmission Product Engineering Livonia, MI 48151 1992
- DEXRON ® -III Automatic Transmission Fluid Specification GM ATF Committee GM Global Research and Development Center Warren, MI 48090 April 1993
- JASO Test Method 348-95, Japanese Automobile Standard Test Method for Friction Properties of Automatic Transmission Fluids Japanese Automobile Manufacturers Association Tokyo, Japan 1995
- Smith G. Ross W. Silbert P. Herndon W. “Putting Automatic Transmission Clutch Friction Researchers on Speaking Terms” SAE Paper 670051
- C-4 Heavy Duty Automatic Transmission Fluid Specification Allison Transmission Division of General Motors Corporation Indianapolis, IN 1989
- Stebar R. F. Davison E.D. Linden J. L. “Determining Frictional Performance of Automatic Transmission Fluids in a Band Clutch” SAE Paper 902146
- SAE Publication J1646 “Glossary of Terms - Lubricated Friction Systems” SAE Warrendale PA March 1994