This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
Hydrocarbon Trap Technology for the Reduction of Cold-Start Hydrocarbon Emissions
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Language:
English
Abstract
The use of hydrocarbon traps to reduce cold-start emissions is one of the numerous methods that have been suggested to meet ULEV hydrocarbon emission requirements. To aid in our understanding of hydrocarbon traps and in the design of improved hydrocarbon trap systems, in-situ mass spectrometry has been used to speciate several hydrocarbons during the first 505 seconds of an FTP from the exhaust of a 2.0 L vehicle fitted with hydrocarbon traps in the after treatment system. This technique allows second-by-second engine-out and vehicle-out hydrocarbon speciation. The in-situ mass specrometry technique has shown that hydrocarbon traps are generally effective for trapping aromatics and C4+ alkanes and alkenes, but are ineffective in trapping methane, ethane, and ethene: Further improvements in the trapping performance for C3-C5 hydrocarbons can be made by placing a water trap in front of the hydrocarbon trap.
Recommended Content
Technical Paper | Evaluation of In-Line Adsorber Technology |
Technical Paper | Experimental and Modeling Investigation of Catalyzed Hydrocarbon Trap Performance |
Technical Paper | Hydrocarbon Adsorber System for Cold Start Emissions |
Authors
Topic
Citation
Ballinger, T., Manning, W., and Lafyatis, D., "Hydrocarbon Trap Technology for the Reduction of Cold-Start Hydrocarbon Emissions," SAE Technical Paper 970741, 1997, https://doi.org/10.4271/970741.Also In
References
- Guerrero A. “Preliminary Reactivity Adjustment Factors” California Air Resources Board, Mobile Source Division 1993
- Koehl W.J. Benson J.D. Burns V. Gorse R.A. Hochhauser A.M. Reuter R.M. “Effects of Gasoline Composition and Properties on Vehicle Emissions: A Review of Prior Studies - Auto-Oil Air Quality Improvement Research Program” SAE 912321 1991
- Kaiser E.W. Siegl W.O. Henig Y.I. Anderson R.W. Trinker F.H. “Effect of Fuel Structure on Emissions from a Spark-Ignited Engine” Environ. Sci. Technol. 25 2005 1991
- Dearth M.A. Gierczak C.A. Siegl W.O. “On-line Measurement of Benzene and Toluene in Dilute Vehicle Exhaust by Mass Spectrometry” Environ. Sci. Technol. 26 1573 1992
- Siegl W.O. McCabe R.W. Chun W. Kaiser E.W. Perry J. Henig I.Y. Trinker F.H. Anderson R.W. “Speciated Hydrocarbon Emissions from the Combustion of Single Component Fuels. I. Effect of Fuel Structure” J. Air & Waste Management Assoc. 42 912 1992
- Shore P.R. deVries R.S. “On-Line Hydrocarbon Speciation Using FTIR and CI-MS” SAE 922246 1992
- Iwarkiri Y. Oogane H. Tsuchida H. Ishihara K. “Study on Parameter Affecting NMOG Measurements and a Method to Improve its Accuracy” SAE 930387 1993
- Kubo S. Yamamoto M. Kizaki Y. Yamazaki S. Tanaka T. Nakanishi K. “Speciated Hydrocarbon Emissions of SI Engine During Cold Start and Warm-up” SAE 932706 1993
- Jemma C.A. Shore P.R. Widdicombe K.A. “Analysis of C1-C16 Hydrocarbons Using Dual Column Capillary GC: Application to Exhaust Emissions from Passenger Car and Motorcycle Engines” J. Chromat. Sci. 33 34 1995
- Kirchstetter T.W.X. Singer B.C. Harley R.A. Kendall G.R. Chan W. “Impact of Oxygenated Gasoline Use on California Light-Duty Vehicle Emissions” Environ. Sci. Technol. 30 661 1996
- Villinger J. Federer W. Resch R. Dornauer A. Lubich M. Sejkora W. “SIMS 500 - Rapid Low Energy Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometer for In-Line Analysis of Gaseous Compounds - Technology and Application in Automotive Emission Testing” SAE 932017 1993
- Villinger J. Federer W. Dornauer A. Weissnicht A. Honig M. Mayr T. “Dynamic Monitoring of Differentiated Hydrocarbons in Direct Engine Exhaust: A Versatile Tool in Engine Development” SAE 960063 1996