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Hardware Evaluation of Heavy Truck Side and Rear Object Detection Systems
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English
Abstract
This paper focuses on two types of electronics-based object detection systems for heavy truck applications: those sensing the presence of objects to the rear of the vehicle, and those sensing the presence of objects on the right side of the vehicle. The rearward sensing systems are intended to aid drivers when backing their vehicles, typically at very low “crawl” speeds. Six rear object detection systems that were commercially available at the time that this study was initiated were evaluated. The right side looking systems are intended primarily as supplements to side view mirror systems and as an aid for detecting the presence of adjacent vehicles when making lane changes or merging maneuvers. Four side systems, two commercially available systems and two prototypes, were evaluated.
Three types of evaluation were performed for both the rear and right side object detection systems including hardware performance measurement, a human factors assessment of driver/system interfaces, and an assessment of driver subjective reactions to two systems. The hardware performance measurement consisted of determining the field of view of each system's sensors and, for the right side object detection systems only, determining the frequency of inappropriate alarms and missed vehicles while driving a combination-unit truck equipped with these systems on public roads. The evaluation of driver interfaces was performed using a human factors checklist that was developed specifically for this research and was based upon accepted human factors guidelines for the design of warnings. The last type of evaluation, which gathered subjective reactions to two systems, involved two focus group sessions conducted with drivers of a fleet of tractor-semitrailers that used one rear and one right side object detection system.
An additional type of evaluation was performed which addressed the issue of human performance with side object detection systems. In this evaluation, subjects drove a test vehicle equipped with various right side object detection systems. This evaluation is described in the companion paper
“Human Performance Evaluation of Heavy Truck Side Object Detection Systems,” [1]*.
The results of these tests and evaluations indicate that object detection system technology is still in the early stages of its development. Drivers of heavy trucks appreciate the value of these aids, but improvements in the technology are needed before the full potential of these systems for preventing crashes can be realized. Manufacturers should focus on improving system reliability and sensor performance and the human factors aspects of the control and display interface.
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Citation
Garrott, W., Flick, M., and Mazzae, E., "Hardware Evaluation of Heavy Truck Side and Rear Object Detection Systems," SAE Technical Paper 951010, 1995, https://doi.org/10.4271/951010.Also In
References
- Mazzae, E.N. Garrott, W.R. 1995 Human performance evaluation of heavy truck side object detection systems SAE Technical Paper No. 951011 Warrendale, PA Society of Automotive Engineers
- Mazzae, E.N. 1994 A human factors evaluation of the utility of side object detection systems for heavy trucks Wright State University Dayton, OH.
- U.S. Department of Transportation, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration January 1994 Lane change/merge crashes: Problem size assessment and statistical description DOT HS 808 080 Washington, D.C. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
- U.S. Department of Transportation, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration January 1994 A study of commercial motor vehicle electronics-based rear and side object detection systems DOT HS 808 075 Washington, D.C. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
- Garrott, W.R. Flick, M.A. Mazzae, E.N. A hardware evaluation of commercial motor vehicle electronics-based rear and side object detection systems 1995
- Garrott, W.R. February 1993 Measured vehicle Inertial parameters - NHTSA's data through September 1992 SAE Technical Paper Series No. 930897 Warrendale, PA Society of Automotive Engineers