This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
Helicopter Unique Instrument Approaches: Trajectories, Flying Qualities, Controls and Displays
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Language:
English
Abstract
The paper presents an argument for combining the precision of GPS with robust slow speed agility of the helicopter to support the wide implementation of a helicopter precision track GPS (HPT-GPS) instrument approach. The autonomous nature of the approach suggests that it is particularly suited for use at small airports and heliports. This capability is then characterized as providing an affordable way to facilitate the integration of rotorcraft Into the National Airspace System to facilitate commerce and Emergency Medical Service (EMS) to areas that are otherwise poorly served by aviation during poor weather. The paper defines a new minimum approach airspeed (VMAP) which applies to the last segment of the approach. This segment involves a descent to a Minimum Descent Altitude (MDA) and continued flight to a Helicopter Visual Descent Point (HVDP) which is expected to be located 150 feet or more above or beyond the runway threshold. A series of charts is used to explain the relationship between VMAP and the current minimum airspeed for instrument flight (vMlNl). Tne paper concludes with a justification for displaying both ground speed and airspeed and suggests formats for both. This includes a examination of the need to extend the useful range of the airspeed system down to 20 Knots Calibrated Airspeed (KCAS) to facilitate a safe operating margin below a VMAP of 30 KCAS.
Recommended Content
Authors
Citation
Green, D. and Kimberlin, R., "Helicopter Unique Instrument Approaches: Trajectories, Flying Qualities, Controls and Displays," SAE Technical Paper 942165, 1994, https://doi.org/10.4271/942165.Also In
Aerospace Systems Integration Through Technology and Training
Number: SP-1051; Published: 1994-10-01
Number: SP-1051; Published: 1994-10-01
References
- Adams, C.A. Adams, R.J. et.al. “Extremely Low Visibility IFR Rotorcraft Approach (ELVIRA) Operational Concept Development, Volume I, Executive Summary,” DOT/FAA/RD-94/1,1; March 94
- Kimberlin, Ralph D. Green, David L. “Program Plan for the Development of Helicopter Terminal Area Instrument Procedures (TERPS),” Final Report, federal Aviation Administration Grant Number 93-G-007 Tullahoma Oct. 1993
- “Federal Aviation Administration Regulations Part 91, General Operating and Flight Rules,” Code of Federal Regulations No. 14 Aeronautics and Space, U.S. Government Printing Office Washington D.C. 1994
- Green, D.L. “Cockpit Integration From A Pilot's Point Of View” Proceedings Of Specialists Meeting April 14 15 1982 NASA Conference Publication 2219 1982
- Green, D.L. “Composite Helicopter Accident Profiles - Deficient Crew/Aircraft Performance, Final Report,” DOT/FAA/RD-94/22 July 1994
- DeLucien, A.G. Green, D.L. et.al. “Study of Helicopter Performance and Terminal Instrument Procedures,” FAA-RD-80-58 June 1980
- “United States Standards for Terminal Instrument Procedures (TERPS),” Third Edition, FAA Handbook 8260.3B U.S. Government Printing Office Washington D.C. 1976
- “Federal Aviation Administration Regulations Part 27, Appendix B” Code of Federal Regulations No. 14 Aeronautics and Space, U.S. Government Printing Office Washington D.C. 1994
- “Federal Aviation Administration Regulations Part 29, Appendix B” Code of Federal Regulations No. 14 Aeronautics and Space, U.S. Government Printing Office Washington D.C. 1994
- Harper, R.P. Cooper, G.E. “A revised Pilot Rating Scale for the Evaluation of Handling Qualities,” Cornell Aeronautics Laboratory Report No. 153 September 1966
- Green, D.L. Hart, Jake Hwoschlnsky, Peter “A Perspective on the FAA Approval Process: Integrating Rotorcraft Displays, Controls and Workload,” AHS/NASA Ames Research Center Proceedings of Conference on Flying Qualities and Human Factors San Francisco Jan. 1993
- Green, D.L. Andrews, H. Gallagher, D.W. “Interpreted Cooper-Harper For Broader Use” Integrating Rotorcraft Displays, Controls and Workload, AHS/NASA Ames Research Center Proceedings of Conference on Flying Qualities and Human Factors San Francisco Jan. 1993
- Baillie, S. Dereliuk, S. Hoh, R. “An Investigation of Lateral Tracking Techniques, Flight Directors and Automatic Control Coupling on Decelerating IFR Approaches for Rotorcraft,” Aeronautical Note NAE-AN-55 National Aeronautical Establishment Ottawa October 1988
- Green, D.L. “Omnidirectional Low Range Airspeed, Display and System Requirements for Helicopters and VSTOL Aircraft,” Proceedings from Air Data Symposium Naval Postgraduate School Monterey, California 22 24 June 1976
- “HH-65, Pilots Operating Manual”