Denatonium Benzoate as a Bitter Aversive Additive in Ethylene Glycol and Methanol-Based Automotive Products

Denatonium Benzoate (DB) is a bitterant used to reduce hazards and liability of accidental and intentional product ingestion. Annual reports of the American Association of Poison Control Centers indicate ethylene glycol and methanol poisoning incidences, including fatalities and hospitalizations, continue to occur. To mitigate poisoning severity to children and adults, addition of DB to these products has been explored and implemented by several manufactures. The stability and efficacy of DB in products are discussed together with studies on toxicity and environmental impact. It is concluded that DB renders these products bitter, is stable and compatible, and offers no significant toxicity or environmental hazards.