The Dynamics of Pump-Line-Nozzle Fuel Injection Systems

Many diesel engines are equipped with pump-line-nozzle fuel injection systems. These injection systems must be properly tuned in order to achieve the desired fuel delivery without creating secondary injection or cavitation in the injection lines. This paper derives a dynamic model of pump-line-nozzle fuel injection systems that describes how the design variables for the pump, the injection lines and the nozzles are interrelated. Guidelines are presented for tuning these injection systems in order to obtain the desired performance.