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A One-Dimensional Transient Compressible Flow Model for Cooling Airflow Rate Computation
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Abstract
Engineers have found that the one-dimensional approach to compressible flows in ducts is extremely informative and effective. This paper extends these methods to cooling airflow for engine cooling system that they may be used to understand and estimate the behavior of cooling air flow in a complex duct system. The paper contains: the underlying assumptions and resulting generalized one-dimensional compressible flow model developed primarily for numerical prediction of cooling airflow rate in the complex air circuit of engine cooling system; an inversed application of the compressible flow model to determine the flow resistances in the radiator, shutter and idling fan of a prototype engine cooling system tested by Kysor of Cadillac; a comparison of the calculated map of cooling airflow at various engine/fan and vehicle speeds to the published empirical results of a geometrical similar prototype air circuit for engine cooling system; and the ATB test results predicted by the VECSS Code with the calculated cooling airflow map.
Provisions and options for the inclusion of many practical design concerns such as the heating of air in the radiator core, fan work, wall friction forces as well as the variation of geometrical configuration along the cooling airflow passage have been built into the resulting model, so that the computational compressible flow model developed can be either for use in the preliminary design of a cooling air circuit or for use in a systematic investigation of the difficult to measure cooling airflow dynamics in actual vehicle operation.
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Authors
- Edward C. Chiang - Department of Mechanical Engineering, Engineering Mechanics, Michigan Technological University Houghton, MI
- George P. C. Huang - Department of Mechanical Engineering, Engineering Mechanics, Michigan Technological University Houghton, MI
- Zintai Chang - Department of Mechanical Engineering, Engineering Mechanics, Michigan Technological University Houghton, MI
- John H. Johnson - Department of Mechanical Engineering, Engineering Mechanics, Michigan Technological University Houghton, MI
Citation
Chiang, E., Huang, G., Chang, Z., and Johnson, J., "A One-Dimensional Transient Compressible Flow Model for Cooling Airflow Rate Computation," SAE Technical Paper 900721, 1990, https://doi.org/10.4271/900721.Also In
References
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- Shapiro, A.H. “The Dynamics and Thermodynamics of Compressible Flow” John Wiley & Sons New York, N.Y.
- Benson, R.S. Pool, D.E. “The Compressible Flow Discharge Coefficients for A Two-Dimensional Slit” Int. J. of Mechanical Science 7 337 353 1965
- Chiang, Edward C. et al “Heavy Duty Engine Cooling System” SAE Special Publication SP 524 19 38 1982
- Anderson, J.D. “Modern Compressible Flow” 294 McGraw-Hill Book Co. New York, N.Y.
- Chang, X. “Ph.D. Thesis Research Proposal” Michigan Technological University Houghton, Michigan
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- Ursini, V.J. Chiang, E.C. Johnson, J.H. “A Computer Cooling System Study of a Diesel Powered Truck for Control of Transient Coolant, Oil, and Cab Temperature” SAE Paper 821049 1982
- Savonen, C.L. Chiang, E.C. John, J.H. “The effects of Ambient Temperature and Vehicle Load on a Diesel Powered Truck Engine Cooling System Performance Using a Computer Simulation Program” SAE Paper 841710 1984
- Keller, J.K. Chiang, E.C. Johnson, J.H. “Computer Simulation and Design of a Truck Diesel Engine Cooling System” Proceedings of Computers in Engineerings 3 277 288 1988
- Communication with Kysor of Cadillac Cadillac, Michigan 1987
- Fujikake, K. Katagiri, H. et al “Measurement of Air Velocity Distribution and Airflow Rate Through Radiator in an Automobile” SAE paper 780587 1978
- Williams Jack “An Automotive Front-End Design Approach for Improved Aerodynamics and Cooling” SAE paper 850281 1985