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Light-Duty Diesel FTP Emissions as Functions of Fuel Volatility and Aromatic Content
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Abstract
The influence of fuel composition on exhaust emissions from four 1982 model light-duty diesel vehicles was studied on the FTP cycle and at two steady-state conditions, but only the FTP results are presented and discussed in this paper. Nine test fuels were blended specifically for the program, with intentional variation in aromatic content, 90% boiling point, and 10% boiling point. Limited data were also acquired with injection timing at advanced and retarded settings, in addition to the main body of data taken with the engines adjusted to recommended timing. A comparatively small effort was also made to evaluate a tenth fuel consisting of a blend of two of the original nine fuels. Of the fuel characteristics varied intentionally, aromatic content generally had the greatest effect on most emissions of major interest (hydrocarbons, oxides of nitrogen, particulate, soluble organic fraction, polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons, and mutagenicity of extract by Ames bioassay). Effects of 90% boiling point were strongest on fuel economy, due to its association with fuel density. Effects of 10% boiling point on emissions were comparatively weak and mixed.
The vehicles responded quite differently to fuel property changes, primarily in magnitude of effects, although sometimes also in direction of effects. Changes to injection timing also caused measurable changes in fuel effects for a number of cases.
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Citation
Hare, C. and Smith, L., "Light-Duty Diesel FTP Emissions as Functions of Fuel Volatility and Aromatic Content," SAE Technical Paper 861120, 1986, https://doi.org/10.4271/861120.Also In
References
- Hare, C.T. “Study of the Effects of Fuel Composition, and Injection and Combustion System Type and Adjustment, on Exhaust Emissions from Light-Duty Diesels,” Final Report SwRI-6741 to The Coordinating Research Council, Inc. on project CAPE 32-80 1985
- Hare, C.T. “Supplemental Study of Fuel Property and Injection and Combustion System Type Effects on Emissions from Light-Duty Diesels,” Final Report SwRI-8515 to The Coordinating Research Council, Inc. on project CAPE-32-80 1985
- Smith, L.R. “Study of the Effects of Fuel Composition, and Injection and Combustion System Type and Adjustment on Ames Bioassay, Nitroaromatics, and PNA Emissions from Light-Duty Diesels,” Final Report SwRI-7658 to The Coordinating Research Council, Inc. on project CAPE-33-83 1985
- Code of Federal Regulations
- Smith, L.R., et al “Analytical Procedures for Characterizing Unregulated Emissions from Vehicles Using Middle-Distillate Fuels,” Interim Report No. EPA-600/2-80-068 on Contract No. 68-02-2497 1980
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- Maron, D.M. Ames, B.N. “Revised Methods for the Salmonella Mutagenicity Test,” Mutation Research 113 1983 173 215