Finite Element Models of the Head and Their Use in Brain Injury Research

This paper discusses the status of head injury models, their applications and limitations. Although finite element models have replaced all earlier continuum models in the analysis of head impact, there remain misconceptions regarding their use and accuracy. The paper addresses these misunderstandings and responds to recent model critiques. Trade-offs between cost and accuracy are explained.

Brain model design criteria are defined and material property selection explained. The following subjects are discussed using model data: brain motion, brain stem strains, concussion, brain contusion, and cervical cord-brain interaction.