Effects of Alternate Source Diesel Fuels on Light-Duty Diesel Emissions

Several alternate source diesel test fuels were studied to note their effects on regulated and unregulated exhaust emissions from a 1980 Volkswagen Rabbit. Nine fuel blends were tested, including a No. 2 petroleum diesel as base, base plus coal-derived liquids (via SRC-II and EDS processes), shale oil diesel and jet fuel, and other blends of coal-derived liquids, shale oil liquids, and petroleum stocks. Analyses performed include gaseous hydrocarbons, CO, NO_x, particulate mass, phenols, smoke, odor, Ames tests, BaP, and polarity profiles by HPLC. Smoke and particulate increases were generally associated with use of coal-derived liquids.